Legal History
, Week 1 (1)
LEGAL HISTORY CODIFICATION
-
What doe codification mean ?
-
Latin - > codex- >
book
facere + to m a ke
-
crimina >
-
government (prosecutors
-
> citizen (suspect)
-
private >
-
citizen (plaintiff) Citizen (defendent)
3 essential elements
1 provisions committed to writing
.
2 issued by an authority
.
3
exclusivity used
other l aw t o be
:
no sources of
Principle of legality >
-
n u l l a poena sine
lege
no punishment ro u t prior l aw
Codifications of Civil law
-
Laws of Justinian (533-534)
-
France (1804]
-
Germany C10od
Interpretation - > necessary a done
by a judge
Methods
-
Intruistic
grammatical
-
~
Extruistic
systematic
-
-
historical
-
teleological
-
based on legislativ history
, ( 2)
Natrual Law a set of universal principles derived from nature ,
reason
or divine order
What is law ? Epicureanism
-
3 C 11 - 27 O B
-
natrual state of man is horrible
:
a state of wa r of all against all
this
man tries to ove rc o m e state
by submitting himself to be
-
ruled by the law
·
FORMAL concept of law : it matters only whether it is passed by the
proper authority ,
no judgement of content
STOA
·
founded by Zeno (333-262BC)
·
law needs to b justa equitable
material concept of law :
only just st a t u te s are laws
·
·
ro m a n
Supporter of this is Marcus Tullius Cicero
_
, Natural Law
-
ius naturale -
law derived from natrual reason
- ius gentium -
l aw common to a l l
ius civise law made specific s t a te
by a
- -
Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
>
-
'Father of Natuual Law'
exist
·
e ve n if there we re no God ,
natural l aw would still
Entenment strengtens natruallau :
-
power of reason
-
universal human rights
Natura Lawe Codification
Montesquier > laws must fit each people's situation
-
-
-
Beccaria >
-
clearer criminal lawprotects rights
oth-20th(
dominates
18th
C-legal positivism
-
> Statute
Law = morality ir relevant
-
,
BUT after Nazi Germany
Redbruch' Formula (1046)
Statutory l aw must yield when
·
1 . it conflicts with justice to an intolerable degree or
.
2 Seeks to deny equality ,
the core of justice
OllAY 6 .
2BW-judge may cor rec t unacceptably unreasonable
results
·
modern HR is the successor to natural law
, Week 1 (1)
LEGAL HISTORY CODIFICATION
-
What doe codification mean ?
-
Latin - > codex- >
book
facere + to m a ke
-
crimina >
-
government (prosecutors
-
> citizen (suspect)
-
private >
-
citizen (plaintiff) Citizen (defendent)
3 essential elements
1 provisions committed to writing
.
2 issued by an authority
.
3
exclusivity used
other l aw t o be
:
no sources of
Principle of legality >
-
n u l l a poena sine
lege
no punishment ro u t prior l aw
Codifications of Civil law
-
Laws of Justinian (533-534)
-
France (1804]
-
Germany C10od
Interpretation - > necessary a done
by a judge
Methods
-
Intruistic
grammatical
-
~
Extruistic
systematic
-
-
historical
-
teleological
-
based on legislativ history
, ( 2)
Natrual Law a set of universal principles derived from nature ,
reason
or divine order
What is law ? Epicureanism
-
3 C 11 - 27 O B
-
natrual state of man is horrible
:
a state of wa r of all against all
this
man tries to ove rc o m e state
by submitting himself to be
-
ruled by the law
·
FORMAL concept of law : it matters only whether it is passed by the
proper authority ,
no judgement of content
STOA
·
founded by Zeno (333-262BC)
·
law needs to b justa equitable
material concept of law :
only just st a t u te s are laws
·
·
ro m a n
Supporter of this is Marcus Tullius Cicero
_
, Natural Law
-
ius naturale -
law derived from natrual reason
- ius gentium -
l aw common to a l l
ius civise law made specific s t a te
by a
- -
Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
>
-
'Father of Natuual Law'
exist
·
e ve n if there we re no God ,
natural l aw would still
Entenment strengtens natruallau :
-
power of reason
-
universal human rights
Natura Lawe Codification
Montesquier > laws must fit each people's situation
-
-
-
Beccaria >
-
clearer criminal lawprotects rights
oth-20th(
dominates
18th
C-legal positivism
-
> Statute
Law = morality ir relevant
-
,
BUT after Nazi Germany
Redbruch' Formula (1046)
Statutory l aw must yield when
·
1 . it conflicts with justice to an intolerable degree or
.
2 Seeks to deny equality ,
the core of justice
OllAY 6 .
2BW-judge may cor rec t unacceptably unreasonable
results
·
modern HR is the successor to natural law
