• NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
NUR 445 EXAM 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+/ARIZONA COLLEGE
OF NURSING
A nurse is caring for client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following types of
isolation should the nurse implement to prevent the transmission of HIV?
A. Protective isolation
B. Droplet precautions
P 1
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
C. Standard precautions
D. Airborne precautions - Correct Answer :ANS: C. Standard precautions
Rationale: Standard precautions should be implemented with every client to prevent the spread of infection
transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infectious blood or body fluids. Because HIV is spread through
blood and bodily fluids, standard precautions are appropriate. (pg. 330 Recommendations for Preventing HIV
transmission by Health Care Workers Box)
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about how the virus is transmitted.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include the teaching?
A. "HIV can be transmitted as soon as a person develops manifestations."
B. "HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with infected blood."
C. "HIV is transmitted through the respiratory route via droplets."
D. "HIV is transmitted only during the active phase of the virus." - Correct Answer :ANS: B. "HIV can be
transmitted to anyone who has had contact with infected blood."
Rationale: The concentration of the virus is highest in blood but also has been isolated in other body fluids,
including sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and semen. Clients who have HIV are cautioned to practice
safe sex, avoid donating blood, and abstain from sharing needles with others. (pg. 327)
A nurse is assessing a client who has Kaposi's sarcoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Nonproductive cough, fever, and shortness of breath
B. Lesions on the retina that produce blurred vision
C. Onset of progressive dementia
D. Reddish-purple skin lesions - Correct Answer :ANS: D. Reddish-purple skin lesions
Rationale: Kaposi's sarcoma is commonly associated with AIDS and manifests as hyperpigmented multicentric
lesions that can be firm, flat, raised, or nodular. Following a biopsy, the lesions are treated with radiation and/or
chemotherapy. (pg. 333)
P 2
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has HIV. Which of the instructions about infection
prevention should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Avoid large gatherings of people
B. Clean toothbrush by running through the dishwasher
C. Change pet litter boxes with disposable gloves
D. Consume fresh fruit and raw vegetables
E. Avoid digging in the garden - Correct Answer :ANS: A, B, E
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to avoid large crowds or gatherings of people, especially if
individuals have been ill or exposed to illness; this can place clients who have HIV at risk of infection. The client
should clean the toothbrush by running it through the dishwasher. If the client does not have a dishwasher,
rinsing the toothbrush with bleach followed by hot water is also effective at destroying bacteria on the
toothbrush. The client should avoid digging in the garden because exposure to the dirt, which contains bacteria
and organisms, places the client at risk of infection. (pg. 342)
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the early manifestations of
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the
teaching?
A. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen glands."
B. "You can expect an elevated white blood cell count."
C. "You can expect increased blood pressure and edema."
D. "You can expect weight gain." - Correct Answer :ANS: A. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen
glands."
Rationale: Clients who have AIDS can have a persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue.
These manifestations indicate the onset of AIDS. (pg. 331)
A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP).
Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "PCP is sexually transmitted from person to person."
P 3
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
B. "You were most likely exposed to a contaminated surface such as a drinking glass."
C. "PCP results from an impaired immune system."
D. "You might have contracted PCP from a family pet." - Correct Answer :ANS: C. "PCP results from an impaired
immune system."
Rationale: The organism that causes PCP exists as part of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a
fungus. It becomes an aggressive pathogen when the immune system is compromised, causing infection. (pg.
332 & 339)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has AIDS about preventing infection while at home.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Wash your genitalia using an antimicrobial soap."
B. "Rinse your dishes with cold water."
C. "Clean your toothbrush once per month."
D. "Incorporate raw fruits and vegetables into your diet." - Correct Answer :ANS: A. "Wash your genitalia using
an antimicrobial soap."
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to bathe daily using an antimicrobial soap to prevent the spread of
infection. If bathing is not possible, washing the genitalia using an antimicrobial soap is recommended. (pg. 342)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Which of the following statements by the client's partner indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will dispose of soiled tissues in separate plastic bags."
B. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with hot water."
C. "I know that handwashing is an important preventive measure."
D. "I will wash soiled clothes in hot water." - Correct Answer :ANS: B. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with
hot water."
P 4
NUR 445 EXAM 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+/ARIZONA COLLEGE
OF NURSING
A nurse is caring for client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which of the following types of
isolation should the nurse implement to prevent the transmission of HIV?
A. Protective isolation
B. Droplet precautions
P 1
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
C. Standard precautions
D. Airborne precautions - Correct Answer :ANS: C. Standard precautions
Rationale: Standard precautions should be implemented with every client to prevent the spread of infection
transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infectious blood or body fluids. Because HIV is spread through
blood and bodily fluids, standard precautions are appropriate. (pg. 330 Recommendations for Preventing HIV
transmission by Health Care Workers Box)
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about how the virus is transmitted.
Which of the following statements should the nurse include the teaching?
A. "HIV can be transmitted as soon as a person develops manifestations."
B. "HIV can be transmitted to anyone who has had contact with infected blood."
C. "HIV is transmitted through the respiratory route via droplets."
D. "HIV is transmitted only during the active phase of the virus." - Correct Answer :ANS: B. "HIV can be
transmitted to anyone who has had contact with infected blood."
Rationale: The concentration of the virus is highest in blood but also has been isolated in other body fluids,
including sputum, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and semen. Clients who have HIV are cautioned to practice
safe sex, avoid donating blood, and abstain from sharing needles with others. (pg. 327)
A nurse is assessing a client who has Kaposi's sarcoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Nonproductive cough, fever, and shortness of breath
B. Lesions on the retina that produce blurred vision
C. Onset of progressive dementia
D. Reddish-purple skin lesions - Correct Answer :ANS: D. Reddish-purple skin lesions
Rationale: Kaposi's sarcoma is commonly associated with AIDS and manifests as hyperpigmented multicentric
lesions that can be firm, flat, raised, or nodular. Following a biopsy, the lesions are treated with radiation and/or
chemotherapy. (pg. 333)
P 2
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has HIV. Which of the instructions about infection
prevention should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Avoid large gatherings of people
B. Clean toothbrush by running through the dishwasher
C. Change pet litter boxes with disposable gloves
D. Consume fresh fruit and raw vegetables
E. Avoid digging in the garden - Correct Answer :ANS: A, B, E
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to avoid large crowds or gatherings of people, especially if
individuals have been ill or exposed to illness; this can place clients who have HIV at risk of infection. The client
should clean the toothbrush by running it through the dishwasher. If the client does not have a dishwasher,
rinsing the toothbrush with bleach followed by hot water is also effective at destroying bacteria on the
toothbrush. The client should avoid digging in the garden because exposure to the dirt, which contains bacteria
and organisms, places the client at risk of infection. (pg. 342)
A nurse is teaching a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about the early manifestations of
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the
teaching?
A. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen glands."
B. "You can expect an elevated white blood cell count."
C. "You can expect increased blood pressure and edema."
D. "You can expect weight gain." - Correct Answer :ANS: A. "You can expect a persistent fever and swollen
glands."
Rationale: Clients who have AIDS can have a persistent fever, swollen glands, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue.
These manifestations indicate the onset of AIDS. (pg. 331)
A nurse is teaching a client who has AIDS about the transmission of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP).
Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "PCP is sexually transmitted from person to person."
P 3
, • NUR 445 EXAM 09/20/2026
B. "You were most likely exposed to a contaminated surface such as a drinking glass."
C. "PCP results from an impaired immune system."
D. "You might have contracted PCP from a family pet." - Correct Answer :ANS: C. "PCP results from an impaired
immune system."
Rationale: The organism that causes PCP exists as part of the normal flora of the lungs and develops into a
fungus. It becomes an aggressive pathogen when the immune system is compromised, causing infection. (pg.
332 & 339)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has AIDS about preventing infection while at home.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Wash your genitalia using an antimicrobial soap."
B. "Rinse your dishes with cold water."
C. "Clean your toothbrush once per month."
D. "Incorporate raw fruits and vegetables into your diet." - Correct Answer :ANS: A. "Wash your genitalia using
an antimicrobial soap."
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to bathe daily using an antimicrobial soap to prevent the spread of
infection. If bathing is not possible, washing the genitalia using an antimicrobial soap is recommended. (pg. 342)
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Which of the following statements by the client's partner indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I will dispose of soiled tissues in separate plastic bags."
B. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with hot water."
C. "I know that handwashing is an important preventive measure."
D. "I will wash soiled clothes in hot water." - Correct Answer :ANS: B. "I'll clean up blood spills immediately with
hot water."
P 4
