TEST BANK Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition by Stephen M. Stahl | All Chapters with Answers and Rationales | LATEST.

StahlsEssentialPsychopharmacology5thEdition
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Test Bank.
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, Stahl'sEssential Psychopharmacology cx cx




NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplications5th EditionTestbank/Study Guide cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Chapter1 Chemicalneurotransmission cx cx cx




MULTIPLECHOICE cx




1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a
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chemicaldisorder.Whatdoes shemean?Thenurses responseis basedonthetheory that
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depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. CortisolandGABA cx cx




b. COMT andglutamate cx cx




c. Monamineandglycine cx cx




d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine cx cx




ANS: D
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Onepossible causeofdepression isthought toinvolveoneormoreneurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
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depression. Thereis noresearchtosupport thattheotheroptions playasignificant role in
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the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
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damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this
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diagnosis?
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a. Observingthe patient pickup aspoon cx cx cx cx cx cx




b. Askingthepatientto recitethe alphabet cx cx cx cx cx cx




c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure cx cx cx cx




d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




ANS: B
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Accidentsorstrokesthatdamage Brocas areamayresultintheinability tospeak (i.e.,
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motoraphasia).Finemotorskills,bloodpressurecontrol,andmusclestrengtharenot controlled by
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the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedoninformationthat the
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therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea cx cx cx cx cx




b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine cx cx cx cx cx




d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
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,ANS: C cx




Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynapticcleft and cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, on
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dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral
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nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
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4. Astudentnursemutters thatitseems entirelyunnecessarytohavetostrugglewith
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understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor would
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base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyon cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




a. behavioralinterventions cx




Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyuse in
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b. their practice
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Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbrain traumacaused cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




c. cognitive symptoms
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Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespeciallythose cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
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ANS: D cx




Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurologic
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basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understandingfacilitates
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effectivecareplanning.Thefoundationofknowledgeisnot used exclusively by advanced
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practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain trauma
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since dealing with the results of normal and abnormalbrain function is a responsibility of all
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nurses providing all types of care to the psychiatric patient.
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5. A patientasks the nurse,My wifehas breastcancer.Could it becausedby her chronic
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depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Toomuchstress has been provento causeallkinds of cancer. cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




b. Therehave been noresearch studies done onstress and diseaseyet. cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




c. Stressdoescause thereleaseoffactorsthatsuppress theimmune system. cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




d. Thereappears tobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseases ofthebody ANS: cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




C
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Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-releasingfactorsthat
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suppress theimmunesystem. Studies indicatethatpsychiatric disorders suchas mood
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disordersaresometimesassociatedwithdecreasedfunctioningoftheimmunesystem.
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Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress. There is a
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significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has shown that there are
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some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, 6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilitation
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needs.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurseidentify as a focus of nursing
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intervention?
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a. Expressionofemotion cx cx




b. Detectingauditorystimuli cx cx




c. Receivingvisualimages cx cx




d. Processing associations cx




ANS: D
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Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformation
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that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressing
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self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expression is
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associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporallobe
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function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelatedtooccipitallobefunction.
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7. Atadmission,the nurselearnsthatsometimeagothe patienthadaninfarctinthe right
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cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the patient:
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a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech cx cx cx cx




b. Is unableto effectively hold aspoon inthe left hand
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c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
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d. Cannotusehis righthandtoshavehimselforcombhis ownhair ANS: cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




B
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Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.
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Therighthemispheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftside of the
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body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side of the
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body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor
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speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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Therightsideofthebodys motoractivityiscontrolled bythe leftcerebral cortex.
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8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.The
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patient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to
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individualize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Includingthepatients caregiverintheeducation cx cx cx cx cx cx




b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx cx




Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
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c. relaxed
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d.
ANS: A cx




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