ARDMS echo exam | Actual Questions And Answers Latest Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)

ARDMS echo exam | Actual Questions And Answers Latest
Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)

• Question
what length PR interval indicates heart block?

Correct Answer: >200ms


• Question
how many beats should you measure for a patient in afib?

Correct Answer: 5 consecutive beats


• Question
what congenital heart disease is associated with wolff parkinson white syndrome?

Correct Answer: ebstein's anomaly


• Question
mitral valve prolapse will cause what timing of MR?

Correct Answer: mid-late systolic MR


• Question
pulmonary acceleration time/pulmonic valve acceleration time

Correct Answer: PW Doppler PSAX at PV annulus interval between onset of pulmonary
flow and peak velocity decreased acceleration time (<130 msec) is assoc. with
increased pulmonary resistance/PHTN


• Question
what indicates severely elevated pulmonary artery pressure?

Correct Answer: PVAT/PAT <80 msec, systolic notching


• Question
what is the formula for mean pulmonary artery pressure (mpap)?

Correct Answer: 80-0.5XPVAT


• Question
Qp/Qs

Correct Answer: I. ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow
II. CSA(RVOT)XVTI(RVOT)/CSA(LVOT)XVTI(LVOT)
III. >1.5:1= hemodynamically significant shunt

,• Question
what s/p repair may have severe PI?

Correct Answer: tetralogy of fallot


• Question
what view is best to identify cleft MV?

Correct Answer: PSAX MV


• Question
what view is best to identify flail MV leaflet?

Correct Answer: PLAX or A4C


• Question
what is parachute MV?

Correct Answer: a single or fused papillary muscle that all chordae connect to


• Question
what view is best to diagnose parachute MV?

Correct Answer: psax pap level shows one pap muscle apical shows funnel appearance
of MV


• Question
what does parachute MV cause?

Correct Answer: MS


• Question
what causes parachute MV?

Correct Answer: abnormal LV compaction


• Question
what is the mechanical index?

Correct Answer: a measure of acoustic power


• Question
what is the max mechanical index for contrast echo?

Correct Answer: 0.3

,• Question
what is the normal mechanical index for regular echo?

Correct Answer: 1.3


• Question
what is the maximum FDA approved mechanical index?

Correct Answer: 1.9


• Question
where is the Swan Ganz catheter best seen?

Correct Answer: RVOT


• Question
sinus of valsalva rupture

Correct Answer: most commonly right sinus of valsalva ruptures into RA


• Question
best view to see sinus of valsalva rupture?

Correct Answer: PSAX aov


• Question
what type of murmur does sinus of valsalva rupture have?

Correct Answer: continuous murmur, accentuated in diastole


• Question
what is assoc. with Sinus of valsalva aneurysm?

Correct Answer: AI, bicuspid aov, VSD


• Question
what disease commonly causes coronary artery dilation?

Correct Answer: Kawasaki disease


• Question
what causes are assoc. with endocarditis?

Correct Answer: IVDU, Lupus (libman sacks non-bacterial endocarditis), arthritis

, • Question
Severe PHTN occurs with a PASP of?

Correct Answer: I. >or = to 60mmHg
II. normal is <35 mmHg
III. mild is 35-49 mmHg
IV. mod is 50-59


• Question
What is the only view that shows the posterior leaflet of the TV?

Correct Answer: RVIT view


• Question
In what views is PDA assessed?

Correct Answer: SSN long axis, high PLAX pulm artery, high PSAX PA bifurcation


• Question
what is a normal decel time for MV inflow?

Correct Answer: 140-240 ms


• Question
what forms the septal leaflets of the MV and TV and the IAS and IVS?

Correct Answer: Endocardial tissue/endocardial cushion


• Question
When is the heart fully formed?

Correct Answer: in the 7th-8th week of gestation


• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the RV?

Correct Answer: the bulbis cordis


• Question
What part of the primary heart tube becomes the LV?

Correct Answer: primitive ventricle


• Question
What is a normal MV area?

Correct Answer: 4-6 cm2