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Name
MELON AMONDI
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Cardiovascular Disorders
• Cardiovascular disease is a class of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels (arteries and
veins).
• In the majority of cases, this is due to the progressive effects of atherosclerosis in the arteries.
• CVDs are the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for millions of deaths each year.
• Major risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and a
sedentary lifestyle.
• However, CVDs can often be prevented through healthy lifestyle choices such as a balanced diet,
regular exercise, avoiding smoking, and managing stress
• Raising awareness and early detection are crucial in preventing serious complications like heart
attacks and strokes.
• Some common examples include coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, hypertension, and
peripheral artery disease.
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Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases
• Non modifiable factors are age, gender, genetic factors and race. A family history of high blood pressure
(HBP) and a “pre-hypertension” 120-139/80-89mmHg may be a risk of HBP, diabetes and kidney diseases.
• High salt (sodium chloride) intake: when sodium is taken in excess more water is drawn into the
circulation, increasing the volume of blood to be pumped. In addition, excess salt makes the arterial walls to
be more rigid leading to arteriosclerosis.
• Too much fat, saturated fatty acid, Trans -unsaturated fatty acids: These increases harmful cholesterol
(LDL) levels in the blood and reduces the good cholesterol. On the other hand, plant based foods are low in
saturated fatty acids with some exception such as coconut and palm oil.
• High levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: Cholesterol is transported around the body
attached to specific proteins called lipoproteins. There are two types of lipoproteins; low density lipoproteins
(LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL). LDL carry about three-quarters of the cholesterol in the blood
and high LDL level usually reflect high cholesterol level and imply a high risk of heart disease. HDL, which
carry much less fat signals a lower than average risk of heart disease.
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Name
MELON AMONDI
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Cardiovascular Disorders
• Cardiovascular disease is a class of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels (arteries and
veins).
• In the majority of cases, this is due to the progressive effects of atherosclerosis in the arteries.
• CVDs are the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for millions of deaths each year.
• Major risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and a
sedentary lifestyle.
• However, CVDs can often be prevented through healthy lifestyle choices such as a balanced diet,
regular exercise, avoiding smoking, and managing stress
• Raising awareness and early detection are crucial in preventing serious complications like heart
attacks and strokes.
• Some common examples include coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, hypertension, and
peripheral artery disease.
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Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases
• Non modifiable factors are age, gender, genetic factors and race. A family history of high blood pressure
(HBP) and a “pre-hypertension” 120-139/80-89mmHg may be a risk of HBP, diabetes and kidney diseases.
• High salt (sodium chloride) intake: when sodium is taken in excess more water is drawn into the
circulation, increasing the volume of blood to be pumped. In addition, excess salt makes the arterial walls to
be more rigid leading to arteriosclerosis.
• Too much fat, saturated fatty acid, Trans -unsaturated fatty acids: These increases harmful cholesterol
(LDL) levels in the blood and reduces the good cholesterol. On the other hand, plant based foods are low in
saturated fatty acids with some exception such as coconut and palm oil.
• High levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: Cholesterol is transported around the body
attached to specific proteins called lipoproteins. There are two types of lipoproteins; low density lipoproteins
(LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL). LDL carry about three-quarters of the cholesterol in the blood
and high LDL level usually reflect high cholesterol level and imply a high risk of heart disease. HDL, which
carry much less fat signals a lower than average risk of heart disease.
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