BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab Module 1 Exam Review |
LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
250 original exam-style practice questions. Correct answers are marked with a green tick inside an empty box; distractors use dots. These
are not leaked/current Portage exam questions.
1. Which scientist is associated with the first detailed observations of living microorganisms
using handcrafted microscopes?
✓ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
• Louis Pasteur
• Robert Koch
• Joseph Lister
2. Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiments provided strong evidence against which idea?
• Cell theory
✓ Spontaneous generation
• Endosymbiotic theory
• Evolution by natural selection
3. Koch's postulates were developed primarily to connect a specific microorganism with a
specific:
✓ Disease
• Organelle
• Microscope
• Macromolecule
PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
nucleoid nucleus
no membrane-bound nucleus membrane-bound organelles
4. The term microbiology most directly refers to the study of:
• Only viruses
• Only bacteria that cause disease
• Only fungi
✓ Microorganisms and other microscopic infectious agents
5. Which group is acellular?
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Bacteria
✓ Viruses
6. A bacterium is classified as a:
• Multicellular animal
✓ Prokaryote
• Eukaryote
• Virus
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 1
, 7. A typical bacterial cell lacks a:
• Cytoplasm
✓ Membrane-bound nucleus
• Ribosome
• Cell membrane
8. A typical animal cell contains a:
• Nucleoid
• Peptidoglycan wall
✓ Membrane-bound nucleus
• Capsule
9. The three domains of cellular life are:
• Bacteria, Fungi, and Viruses
• Prokaryotes, Viruses, and Protists
✓ Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
• Plants, Animals, and Fungi
10. Archaea and Bacteria are both:
• Eukaryotic
• Multicellular
✓ Prokaryotic
• Acellular
11. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists belong to the domain:
• Archaea
• Viruses
✓ Eukarya
• Bacteria
12. The smallest unit that can independently carry out the basic processes of life is the:
• Macromolecule
✓ Cell
• Tissue
• Organelle
13. Which statement best describes a virus?
• It reproduces by binary fission independently
✓ It contains genetic material and requires a host cell for replication
• It is a prokaryotic cell with a nucleus
• It always has a cell membrane and cytoplasm
14. A viral particle outside a host cell is best described as:
• Prokaryotic
• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
✓ Acellular
15. The hereditary material of cells can be composed of:
• Polysaccharide only
• Protein only
✓ DNA
• Lipid only
16. Which two molecules are nucleic acids?
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 2
, • Proteins and lipids
✓ DNA and RNA
• Cellulose and chitin
• Glucose and glycogen
17. Proteins are polymers made from:
• Nucleotides
• Fatty acids only
• Monosaccharides
✓ Amino acids
18. Nucleic acids are polymers made from:
• Monosaccharides
✓ Nucleotides
• Amino acids
• Glycerol only
19. Polysaccharides are built from repeating:
✓ Monosaccharides
• Nucleotides
• Amino acids
• Steroids
20. A triglyceride is composed primarily of glycerol plus:
• Monosaccharides
✓ Fatty acids
• Amino acids
• Nucleotides
21. Which macromolecule category includes enzymes?
• Lipids
• Polysaccharides
✓ Proteins
• Nucleic acids
22. Which macromolecule is especially important for long-term energy storage and membrane
structure?
✓ Lipids
• Mineral salts
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
23. The monomer of a protein is the:
• Monosaccharide
• Fatty acid
• Nucleotide
✓ Amino acid
24. The monomer of DNA is a:
✓ Deoxyribonucleotide
• Amino acid
• Monosaccharide
• Glycerol
25. Which molecule contains a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base?
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 3
, • Amino acid
✓ Nucleotide
• Fatty acid
• Steroid
PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS POLYSACCHARIDES LIPIDS
amino acids nucleotides monosaccharides fatty acids + glycerol
26. DNA is commonly described as:
• A single-layer membrane
✓ A double-stranded helix
• A protein polymer
• A polysaccharide capsule
27. RNA differs from DNA in that RNA commonly contains:
• Deoxyribose
• Cholesterol
✓ Ribose
• Peptidoglycan
28. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA instead of thymine?
• Cytosine
• Guanine
• Adenine
✓ Uracil
29. Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA instead of uracil?
• Adenine
• Guanine
✓ Thymine
• Cytosine
30. The main function of DNA is to:
• Produce ATP directly
✓ Store hereditary information
• Form the phospholipid bilayer
• Digest extracellular nutrients
31. RNA is important in cells because it can:
✓ Participate in gene expression and protein synthesis
• Replace all lipids
• Form peptidoglycan
• Act as the cell wall in bacteria
32. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
✓ A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 4
LockDown Browser | Portage Learning
250 original exam-style practice questions. Correct answers are marked with a green tick inside an empty box; distractors use dots. These
are not leaked/current Portage exam questions.
1. Which scientist is associated with the first detailed observations of living microorganisms
using handcrafted microscopes?
✓ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
• Louis Pasteur
• Robert Koch
• Joseph Lister
2. Pasteur's swan-neck flask experiments provided strong evidence against which idea?
• Cell theory
✓ Spontaneous generation
• Endosymbiotic theory
• Evolution by natural selection
3. Koch's postulates were developed primarily to connect a specific microorganism with a
specific:
✓ Disease
• Organelle
• Microscope
• Macromolecule
PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
nucleoid nucleus
no membrane-bound nucleus membrane-bound organelles
4. The term microbiology most directly refers to the study of:
• Only viruses
• Only bacteria that cause disease
• Only fungi
✓ Microorganisms and other microscopic infectious agents
5. Which group is acellular?
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Bacteria
✓ Viruses
6. A bacterium is classified as a:
• Multicellular animal
✓ Prokaryote
• Eukaryote
• Virus
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 1
, 7. A typical bacterial cell lacks a:
• Cytoplasm
✓ Membrane-bound nucleus
• Ribosome
• Cell membrane
8. A typical animal cell contains a:
• Nucleoid
• Peptidoglycan wall
✓ Membrane-bound nucleus
• Capsule
9. The three domains of cellular life are:
• Bacteria, Fungi, and Viruses
• Prokaryotes, Viruses, and Protists
✓ Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
• Plants, Animals, and Fungi
10. Archaea and Bacteria are both:
• Eukaryotic
• Multicellular
✓ Prokaryotic
• Acellular
11. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists belong to the domain:
• Archaea
• Viruses
✓ Eukarya
• Bacteria
12. The smallest unit that can independently carry out the basic processes of life is the:
• Macromolecule
✓ Cell
• Tissue
• Organelle
13. Which statement best describes a virus?
• It reproduces by binary fission independently
✓ It contains genetic material and requires a host cell for replication
• It is a prokaryotic cell with a nucleus
• It always has a cell membrane and cytoplasm
14. A viral particle outside a host cell is best described as:
• Prokaryotic
• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
✓ Acellular
15. The hereditary material of cells can be composed of:
• Polysaccharide only
• Protein only
✓ DNA
• Lipid only
16. Which two molecules are nucleic acids?
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 2
, • Proteins and lipids
✓ DNA and RNA
• Cellulose and chitin
• Glucose and glycogen
17. Proteins are polymers made from:
• Nucleotides
• Fatty acids only
• Monosaccharides
✓ Amino acids
18. Nucleic acids are polymers made from:
• Monosaccharides
✓ Nucleotides
• Amino acids
• Glycerol only
19. Polysaccharides are built from repeating:
✓ Monosaccharides
• Nucleotides
• Amino acids
• Steroids
20. A triglyceride is composed primarily of glycerol plus:
• Monosaccharides
✓ Fatty acids
• Amino acids
• Nucleotides
21. Which macromolecule category includes enzymes?
• Lipids
• Polysaccharides
✓ Proteins
• Nucleic acids
22. Which macromolecule is especially important for long-term energy storage and membrane
structure?
✓ Lipids
• Mineral salts
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
23. The monomer of a protein is the:
• Monosaccharide
• Fatty acid
• Nucleotide
✓ Amino acid
24. The monomer of DNA is a:
✓ Deoxyribonucleotide
• Amino acid
• Monosaccharide
• Glycerol
25. Which molecule contains a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base?
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 3
, • Amino acid
✓ Nucleotide
• Fatty acid
• Steroid
PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS POLYSACCHARIDES LIPIDS
amino acids nucleotides monosaccharides fatty acids + glycerol
26. DNA is commonly described as:
• A single-layer membrane
✓ A double-stranded helix
• A protein polymer
• A polysaccharide capsule
27. RNA differs from DNA in that RNA commonly contains:
• Deoxyribose
• Cholesterol
✓ Ribose
• Peptidoglycan
28. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA instead of thymine?
• Cytosine
• Guanine
• Adenine
✓ Uracil
29. Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA instead of uracil?
• Adenine
• Guanine
✓ Thymine
• Cytosine
30. The main function of DNA is to:
• Produce ATP directly
✓ Store hereditary information
• Form the phospholipid bilayer
• Digest extracellular nutrients
31. RNA is important in cells because it can:
✓ Participate in gene expression and protein synthesis
• Replace all lipids
• Form peptidoglycan
• Act as the cell wall in bacteria
32. The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:
✓ A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
BIOL 271 Microbiology w/ Lab — Module 1 Original Exam-Style Review Page 4
