NUR 265 EXAM 2 – MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING | 2
VERSIONS | NEWEST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE – GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING | LATEST 2026-2028 | 100% VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
CORE DOMAINS
• Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Disorders
• Respiratory and Pulmonary Disorders
• Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders
• Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
• Renal and Urinary Disorders
• Neurological and Sensory Disorders
• Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
• Hematologic and Oncologic Disorders
• Perioperative and Emergency Nursing
• Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
INTRODUCTION
The NUR 265 Exam 2 for Medical-Surgical Nursing at Galen College of Nursing
is designed to evaluate the nursing student's mastery of adult health nursing
concepts essential for safe, evidence-based clinical practice. This
comprehensive assessment evaluates knowledge of pathophysiology,
assessment, nursing interventions, and pharmacological management across
major body systems. The test employs multiple-choice and scenario-based
,questions that emphasize real-world clinical application, critical thinking, and
prioritization of nursing care. It rigorously assesses the ability to recognize
complications, implement appropriate interventions, and evaluate patient
outcomes, ensuring readiness for professional nursing practice and the
NCLEX.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100 (VERSION 1)
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving
furosemide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse
monitor most closely?
A. Serum sodium
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum calcium
D. Serum magnesium
B. Serum potassium
RATIONALE: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes excretion of
potassium, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor serum
potassium levels closely and educate the client about potassium-rich foods.
Hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity and cardiac
dysrhythmias.
2. A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect?
A. Increased anteroposterior chest diameter
B. Pectus excavatum
C. Kyphosis
D. Scoliosis
, A. Increased anteroposterior chest diameter
RATIONALE: A barrel chest (increased anteroposterior diameter) is a
hallmark of COPD due to chronic air trapping and hyperinflation of the
lungs. Pectus excavatum (B) is a congenital chest wall deformity. Kyphosis (C)
and scoliosis (D) are spinal deformities.
3. A nurse is teaching a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Lie down immediately after eating."
B. "Avoid eating large meals before bedtime."
C. "Increase your intake of spicy foods."
D. "Drink coffee with each meal."
B. "Avoid eating large meals before bedtime."
RATIONALE: Clients with GERD should avoid eating large meals before
bedtime because lying down after eating increases the risk of reflux. They
should also avoid spicy foods, coffee, and alcohol. Elevating the head of the
bed can help reduce symptoms.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is
experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
A. Polyuria
B. Polydipsia
C. Shakiness
D. Kussmaul respirations
C. Shakiness
, RATIONALE: Hypoglycemia is characterized by shakiness, confusion,
sweating, palpitations, and hunger. Polyuria (A) and polydipsia (B) are signs
of hyperglycemia. Kussmaul respirations (D) are seen in diabetic ketoacidosis.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI).
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Increased urine output
B. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Hyperkalemia
RATIONALE: Acute kidney injury results in the inability to excrete
potassium, leading to hyperkalemia. Other findings include decreased urine
output (A), elevated BUN and creatinine (B), and metabolic acidosis (D).
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new onset of atrial
fibrillation. Which of the following medications should the nurse
anticipate administering?
A. Digoxin
B. Lisinopril
C. Metformin
D. Levothyroxine
A. Digoxin
RATIONALE: Digoxin is used to slow the ventricular rate in atrial
fibrillation. It works by decreasing conduction through the AV node.
Lisinopril (B) is an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Metformin (C) is for
diabetes. Levothyroxine (D) is for hypothyroidism.
VERSIONS | NEWEST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE – GALEN COLLEGE OF
NURSING | LATEST 2026-2028 | 100% VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
CORE DOMAINS
• Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Disorders
• Respiratory and Pulmonary Disorders
• Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders
• Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
• Renal and Urinary Disorders
• Neurological and Sensory Disorders
• Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders
• Hematologic and Oncologic Disorders
• Perioperative and Emergency Nursing
• Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
INTRODUCTION
The NUR 265 Exam 2 for Medical-Surgical Nursing at Galen College of Nursing
is designed to evaluate the nursing student's mastery of adult health nursing
concepts essential for safe, evidence-based clinical practice. This
comprehensive assessment evaluates knowledge of pathophysiology,
assessment, nursing interventions, and pharmacological management across
major body systems. The test employs multiple-choice and scenario-based
,questions that emphasize real-world clinical application, critical thinking, and
prioritization of nursing care. It rigorously assesses the ability to recognize
complications, implement appropriate interventions, and evaluate patient
outcomes, ensuring readiness for professional nursing practice and the
NCLEX.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100 (VERSION 1)
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving
furosemide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse
monitor most closely?
A. Serum sodium
B. Serum potassium
C. Serum calcium
D. Serum magnesium
B. Serum potassium
RATIONALE: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes excretion of
potassium, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor serum
potassium levels closely and educate the client about potassium-rich foods.
Hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity and cardiac
dysrhythmias.
2. A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect?
A. Increased anteroposterior chest diameter
B. Pectus excavatum
C. Kyphosis
D. Scoliosis
, A. Increased anteroposterior chest diameter
RATIONALE: A barrel chest (increased anteroposterior diameter) is a
hallmark of COPD due to chronic air trapping and hyperinflation of the
lungs. Pectus excavatum (B) is a congenital chest wall deformity. Kyphosis (C)
and scoliosis (D) are spinal deformities.
3. A nurse is teaching a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Lie down immediately after eating."
B. "Avoid eating large meals before bedtime."
C. "Increase your intake of spicy foods."
D. "Drink coffee with each meal."
B. "Avoid eating large meals before bedtime."
RATIONALE: Clients with GERD should avoid eating large meals before
bedtime because lying down after eating increases the risk of reflux. They
should also avoid spicy foods, coffee, and alcohol. Elevating the head of the
bed can help reduce symptoms.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is
experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
A. Polyuria
B. Polydipsia
C. Shakiness
D. Kussmaul respirations
C. Shakiness
, RATIONALE: Hypoglycemia is characterized by shakiness, confusion,
sweating, palpitations, and hunger. Polyuria (A) and polydipsia (B) are signs
of hyperglycemia. Kussmaul respirations (D) are seen in diabetic ketoacidosis.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI).
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Increased urine output
B. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Hyperkalemia
RATIONALE: Acute kidney injury results in the inability to excrete
potassium, leading to hyperkalemia. Other findings include decreased urine
output (A), elevated BUN and creatinine (B), and metabolic acidosis (D).
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new onset of atrial
fibrillation. Which of the following medications should the nurse
anticipate administering?
A. Digoxin
B. Lisinopril
C. Metformin
D. Levothyroxine
A. Digoxin
RATIONALE: Digoxin is used to slow the ventricular rate in atrial
fibrillation. It works by decreasing conduction through the AV node.
Lisinopril (B) is an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Metformin (C) is for
diabetes. Levothyroxine (D) is for hypothyroidism.
