CMN 552 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE TEST
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What insight do patients with Specific Phobia often recognize?
Answer: Their anxiety exceeds the true threat of the stimulus.
◉ What is the lifetime prevalence rate of Generalized Anxiety
Disorder (GAD)?
Answer: 5 percent.
◉ What age group commonly begins to experience GAD?
Answer: Late teens.
◉ Which gender is more commonly affected by GAD?
Answer: Women.
◉ What are common comorbidities associated with GAD?
Answer: Other anxiety spectrum disorders and substance use
disorders.
◉ What significant change occurred in the DSM-5 regarding
Separation Anxiety Disorder?
,Answer: Removal of the age-of-onset restriction.
◉ What is a prominent symptom of Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Answer: Worry.
◉ What is the relationship between anxiety disorders and physical
conditions?
Answer: Anxiety disorders have a high magnitude of comorbidity
with several medical conditions.
◉ What was found in the Australian National Survey of Health and
Wellbeing regarding anxiety disorders?
Answer: There were two-fold greater rates of physical conditions
among those with anxiety disorders.
◉ How do comorbid anxiety and physical disorders affect disability?
Answer: They are associated with substantially greater disability
than anxiety disorders alone.
◉ What role do physical symptoms play in panic disorder and GAD?
Answer: They are a core feature of these disorders.
◉ What is the focus of genetic epidemiology?
,Answer: Understanding how diseases and their risk factors are
distributed in families.
◉ What does a higher relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) in family
studies suggest?
Answer: Familial aggregation of the condition.
◉ What is the significance of twin studies in genetic epidemiology?
Answer: They differentiate genetic from environmental sources of
aggregation.
◉ What does a proband-wise concordance measure in twin studies?
Answer: The proportion of co-twins of affected index twins who are
also affected.
◉ What is the estimated heritability percentage for anxiety
disorders?
Answer: 30 to 50 percent.
◉ What do linkage studies aim to identify?
Answer: Chromosomal loci likely to harbor a gene influencing a
biologic trait or condition.
, ◉ What have linkage studies found regarding anxiety disorders?
Answer: Few consistent findings between studies.
◉ What gene was associated with panic disorder in a recent
genome-wide linkage scan?
Answer: Amiloride sensitive cation channel 1 (ACCN1).
◉ What is the challenge in studying the comorbidity of anxiety
disorders and physical conditions?
Answer: The role of physical symptoms as a core feature of panic
disorder and GAD complicates the investigation.
◉ What is the relationship between the severity of physical
conditions and anxiety disorders?
Answer: Anxiety disorder rates increase with the severity of
aggregate physical conditions.
◉ What is the implication of the findings from the Philadelphia
Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC)?
Answer: Anxiety disorders are associated with cardiovascular risk
factors and diseases.
◉ What does the evidence suggest about the onset of anxiety
disorders and physical conditions?
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ What insight do patients with Specific Phobia often recognize?
Answer: Their anxiety exceeds the true threat of the stimulus.
◉ What is the lifetime prevalence rate of Generalized Anxiety
Disorder (GAD)?
Answer: 5 percent.
◉ What age group commonly begins to experience GAD?
Answer: Late teens.
◉ Which gender is more commonly affected by GAD?
Answer: Women.
◉ What are common comorbidities associated with GAD?
Answer: Other anxiety spectrum disorders and substance use
disorders.
◉ What significant change occurred in the DSM-5 regarding
Separation Anxiety Disorder?
,Answer: Removal of the age-of-onset restriction.
◉ What is a prominent symptom of Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Answer: Worry.
◉ What is the relationship between anxiety disorders and physical
conditions?
Answer: Anxiety disorders have a high magnitude of comorbidity
with several medical conditions.
◉ What was found in the Australian National Survey of Health and
Wellbeing regarding anxiety disorders?
Answer: There were two-fold greater rates of physical conditions
among those with anxiety disorders.
◉ How do comorbid anxiety and physical disorders affect disability?
Answer: They are associated with substantially greater disability
than anxiety disorders alone.
◉ What role do physical symptoms play in panic disorder and GAD?
Answer: They are a core feature of these disorders.
◉ What is the focus of genetic epidemiology?
,Answer: Understanding how diseases and their risk factors are
distributed in families.
◉ What does a higher relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) in family
studies suggest?
Answer: Familial aggregation of the condition.
◉ What is the significance of twin studies in genetic epidemiology?
Answer: They differentiate genetic from environmental sources of
aggregation.
◉ What does a proband-wise concordance measure in twin studies?
Answer: The proportion of co-twins of affected index twins who are
also affected.
◉ What is the estimated heritability percentage for anxiety
disorders?
Answer: 30 to 50 percent.
◉ What do linkage studies aim to identify?
Answer: Chromosomal loci likely to harbor a gene influencing a
biologic trait or condition.
, ◉ What have linkage studies found regarding anxiety disorders?
Answer: Few consistent findings between studies.
◉ What gene was associated with panic disorder in a recent
genome-wide linkage scan?
Answer: Amiloride sensitive cation channel 1 (ACCN1).
◉ What is the challenge in studying the comorbidity of anxiety
disorders and physical conditions?
Answer: The role of physical symptoms as a core feature of panic
disorder and GAD complicates the investigation.
◉ What is the relationship between the severity of physical
conditions and anxiety disorders?
Answer: Anxiety disorder rates increase with the severity of
aggregate physical conditions.
◉ What is the implication of the findings from the Philadelphia
Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC)?
Answer: Anxiety disorders are associated with cardiovascular risk
factors and diseases.
◉ What does the evidence suggest about the onset of anxiety
disorders and physical conditions?
