250 Questions and Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales
SECTION 1: MANAGEMENT OF CARE (Questions 1–40)
1. A charge nurse is making client assignments on a medical-surgical
unit. Which client should be assigned to the most experienced RN?
A) A client with diabetes mellitus requiring routine insulin
administration
B) A client with pneumonia requiring q4h vital sign monitoring
C) A client with chest tubes and new-onset respiratory distress with
SpO₂ of 88%
D) A client with a urinary tract infection requiring IV antibiotics
,Answer C: A client with chest tubes and new-onset respiratory
distress with SpO₂ of 88%
Rationale: The client with chest tubes and new-onset respiratory
distress is unstable and requires complex assessment and immediate
intervention. The ABC framework (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
prioritizes the client with respiratory compromise. Stable clients can
be safely assigned to LPNs or less experienced RNs under appropriate
supervision. ---
2. A competent adult client refuses a blood transfusion for religious
reasons. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that
apply.) E) Ask the family to override the decision
A) Verify the client understands risks
B) Document the refusal
C) Administer the transfusion if Hgb is critical
D) Notify the provider
Answer A: , B, D
Rationale: Competent adults have autonomy and the right to refuse
medical treatment. The nurse ensures informed refusal, documents
the decision, and notifies the provider. The nurse cannot administer
,against the client's wishes or ask the family to override the client's
decision. ---
3. Which client should the nurse assess first?
A) Post-op day 2 with pain 6/10
B) COPD client with O₂ sat 88% on room air
C) Client waiting for discharge teaching
D) Stable diabetic requesting a snack
Answer B: COPD client with O₂ sat 88% on room air
Rationale: Airway and oxygenation take priority (ABCs). The COPD
client with an O₂ saturation of 88% is hypoxic and at risk for
respiratory compromise. This is a physiological priority over pain,
teaching, or a snack request. ---
4. A nurse is delegating tasks to an unlicensed assistive personnel
(UAP). Which task is appropriate to delegate?
A) Assessing a patient's post-operative pain level
B) Ambulating a patient with a walker who has been stable for 24
hours
, C) Administering a tube feeding through a nasogastric tube
D) Evaluating the effectiveness of a patient's incentive spirometry use
Answer B: Ambulating a patient with a walker who has been stable
for 24 hours
Rationale: UAPs can perform routine, non-assessment tasks such as
ambulating stable patients. Assessment, tube feedings, and
evaluation require licensed nursing staff. ---
5. A nurse is caring for a client who decides not to have surgery
despite significant coronary artery blockages. The nurse
understands this client's choice is an example of which ethical
principle?
A) Fidelity
B) Autonomy
C) Justice
D) Nonmaleficence
Answer B: Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy is the right to make one's own personal
decisions, even if those decisions might not be in the person's best
interest. This is a foundational ethical principle in healthcare. ---