Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care 8th Ed —
Complete Test Bank (All Chapters)
UNIT 1: FOUNDATIONS OF PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
A pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) is developing a practice model for a new clinic. Which
statement best describes the goal of pediatric primary care?
A) To provide acute care for childhood illnesses only
B) To promote health, prevent disease, and manage chronic conditions across the pediatric
lifespan
C) To focus exclusively on physical growth and development
D) To provide care only during the first year of life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care aims to promote health, prevent disease, and manage
chronic conditions across the pediatric lifespan. It is comprehensive, continuous, and family-
centered, not limited to acute illness management or a specific age range.
Question 2
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the “medical home” concept
emphasizes which of the following?
A) Care that is episodic and reactive
B) Care that is accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated,
compassionate, and culturally effective
C) Care that is provided exclusively in a hospital setting
D) Care that focuses only on physical health
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The AAP defines the medical home as care that is accessible, continuous,
comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective. This is
the standard for pediatric primary care delivery.
,Question 3
The pediatric nurse practitioner’s scope of practice is determined by:
A) The American Nurses Association
B) The individual state’s Nurse Practice Act and Board of Nursing regulations
C) The American Academy of Pediatrics
D) The hospital where the PNP practices
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scope of practice for nurse practitioners is determined by the state’s Nurse
Practice Act and Board of Nursing regulations. This varies by state and includes prescribing
authority, delegation, and supervision requirements.
Question 4
Which of the following best distinguishes “primary care” from “primary prevention” in pediatric
practice?
A) Primary care focuses only on acute illness; primary prevention focuses only on vaccinations
B) Primary care provides longitudinal, family-centered care including anticipatory guidance;
primary prevention targets actions that prevent disease before onset
C) Primary care is provided only by pediatricians; primary prevention is offered only by public
health agencies
D) Primary care is episodic treatment of illness; primary prevention is only community
education
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care in pediatrics is longitudinal and family-centered, encompassing
assessment, anticipatory guidance, and care coordination. Primary prevention refers to actions
(immunizations, safety counseling) that prevent disease before it occurs. Well-child visits
combine both.
Question 5
Which intervention is the clearest example of primary prevention in pediatric practice?
A) Screening a 4-year-old for developmental delay
B) Administering an age-appropriate immunization before exposure to the targeted infection
,C) Prescribing an inhaled corticosteroid for a child with persistent asthma
D) Referring a teen with depression to psychotherapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent a disease or health problem before it occurs.
Immunization is a classic example because it reduces the likelihood that the child will develop
the targeted infectious disease. Screening is secondary prevention; treatment is tertiary
prevention.
Question 6
A 4-month-old infant presents for a routine well-child visit. Which of the following best
represents a primary prevention strategy implemented at this visit?
A) Tertiary rehabilitation for a prior injury
B) Administering age-appropriate immunizations and discussing safe sleep practices
C) Referring for palliative care
D) Ordering genetic testing for adult-onset disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations and safe-sleep counseling are classic primary prevention methods
to prevent disease and injury. Tertiary rehabilitation and palliative care are later-stage
interventions. Genetic testing for adult-onset conditions is not routine primary prevention for
infants.
Question 7
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner should refer a child to a specialist for:
A) Well-child examinations
B) Acute otitis media
C) Complex congenital heart disease
D) Routine immunizations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PNP should refer children with complex or serious conditions (e.g., complex
congenital heart disease, cancer, severe neurological disorders) to appropriate specialists for
consultation and management. The PNP continues to coordinate care with the specialist.
, Question 8
A clinician recognizes a family’s cultural practices that differ from standard anticipatory
guidance. The best family-centered approach is to:
A) Insist the family stop their cultural practices immediately
B) Explore the family’s beliefs, provide evidence-based recommendations, and negotiate
culturally acceptable plans
C) Ignore cultural differences and apply a standard script
D) Refer the family out solely because of cultural differences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered, culturally responsive care involves respectful inquiry, education,
and shared decision-making. The clinician should explore beliefs and negotiate a plan that
integrates evidence-based care with cultural context.
Question 9
A primary care office wants to promote health equity. Which practice change most directly
supports this goal?
A) Reduce appointment times for all families
B) Implement interpreter services, flexible scheduling, and screening for social determinants of
health
C) Limit services to families with private insurance only
D) Standardize a single health education handout for all families regardless of literacy or
language
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Equity is promoted by reducing access barriers (language, scheduling), screening
for social needs, and tailoring services. Options A, C, and D worsen disparities.
Question 10
A 2-week-old infant arrives for a routine visit with a first-time mother who is anxious about
feeding and sleep. Which primary care approach best supports the family while promoting
continuity and family-centered care?
Complete Test Bank (All Chapters)
UNIT 1: FOUNDATIONS OF PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE (Questions 1–30)
Question 1
A pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) is developing a practice model for a new clinic. Which
statement best describes the goal of pediatric primary care?
A) To provide acute care for childhood illnesses only
B) To promote health, prevent disease, and manage chronic conditions across the pediatric
lifespan
C) To focus exclusively on physical growth and development
D) To provide care only during the first year of life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care aims to promote health, prevent disease, and manage
chronic conditions across the pediatric lifespan. It is comprehensive, continuous, and family-
centered, not limited to acute illness management or a specific age range.
Question 2
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the “medical home” concept
emphasizes which of the following?
A) Care that is episodic and reactive
B) Care that is accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated,
compassionate, and culturally effective
C) Care that is provided exclusively in a hospital setting
D) Care that focuses only on physical health
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The AAP defines the medical home as care that is accessible, continuous,
comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective. This is
the standard for pediatric primary care delivery.
,Question 3
The pediatric nurse practitioner’s scope of practice is determined by:
A) The American Nurses Association
B) The individual state’s Nurse Practice Act and Board of Nursing regulations
C) The American Academy of Pediatrics
D) The hospital where the PNP practices
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scope of practice for nurse practitioners is determined by the state’s Nurse
Practice Act and Board of Nursing regulations. This varies by state and includes prescribing
authority, delegation, and supervision requirements.
Question 4
Which of the following best distinguishes “primary care” from “primary prevention” in pediatric
practice?
A) Primary care focuses only on acute illness; primary prevention focuses only on vaccinations
B) Primary care provides longitudinal, family-centered care including anticipatory guidance;
primary prevention targets actions that prevent disease before onset
C) Primary care is provided only by pediatricians; primary prevention is offered only by public
health agencies
D) Primary care is episodic treatment of illness; primary prevention is only community
education
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care in pediatrics is longitudinal and family-centered, encompassing
assessment, anticipatory guidance, and care coordination. Primary prevention refers to actions
(immunizations, safety counseling) that prevent disease before it occurs. Well-child visits
combine both.
Question 5
Which intervention is the clearest example of primary prevention in pediatric practice?
A) Screening a 4-year-old for developmental delay
B) Administering an age-appropriate immunization before exposure to the targeted infection
,C) Prescribing an inhaled corticosteroid for a child with persistent asthma
D) Referring a teen with depression to psychotherapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent a disease or health problem before it occurs.
Immunization is a classic example because it reduces the likelihood that the child will develop
the targeted infectious disease. Screening is secondary prevention; treatment is tertiary
prevention.
Question 6
A 4-month-old infant presents for a routine well-child visit. Which of the following best
represents a primary prevention strategy implemented at this visit?
A) Tertiary rehabilitation for a prior injury
B) Administering age-appropriate immunizations and discussing safe sleep practices
C) Referring for palliative care
D) Ordering genetic testing for adult-onset disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations and safe-sleep counseling are classic primary prevention methods
to prevent disease and injury. Tertiary rehabilitation and palliative care are later-stage
interventions. Genetic testing for adult-onset conditions is not routine primary prevention for
infants.
Question 7
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner should refer a child to a specialist for:
A) Well-child examinations
B) Acute otitis media
C) Complex congenital heart disease
D) Routine immunizations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PNP should refer children with complex or serious conditions (e.g., complex
congenital heart disease, cancer, severe neurological disorders) to appropriate specialists for
consultation and management. The PNP continues to coordinate care with the specialist.
, Question 8
A clinician recognizes a family’s cultural practices that differ from standard anticipatory
guidance. The best family-centered approach is to:
A) Insist the family stop their cultural practices immediately
B) Explore the family’s beliefs, provide evidence-based recommendations, and negotiate
culturally acceptable plans
C) Ignore cultural differences and apply a standard script
D) Refer the family out solely because of cultural differences
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered, culturally responsive care involves respectful inquiry, education,
and shared decision-making. The clinician should explore beliefs and negotiate a plan that
integrates evidence-based care with cultural context.
Question 9
A primary care office wants to promote health equity. Which practice change most directly
supports this goal?
A) Reduce appointment times for all families
B) Implement interpreter services, flexible scheduling, and screening for social determinants of
health
C) Limit services to families with private insurance only
D) Standardize a single health education handout for all families regardless of literacy or
language
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Equity is promoted by reducing access barriers (language, scheduling), screening
for social needs, and tailoring services. Options A, C, and D worsen disparities.
Question 10
A 2-week-old infant arrives for a routine visit with a first-time mother who is anxious about
feeding and sleep. Which primary care approach best supports the family while promoting
continuity and family-centered care?
