2026 | Study Guide,
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Answers, Rationales &
Exam Review
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Rationales
Included
, Educational Psychology The study of development, learning, motivation, teaching, and assessment in
educational settings.
Pedagogy The theory and practice of learning and teaching.
Teacher Self-Efficacy A teacher's belief in their ability to reach and help all students learn.
Reflective Thinking Consistently analyzing past teaching actions to improve future instruction.
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) 2002 law requiring annual standardized testing and high-stakes penalties for low
performance.
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) 2015 law returning control of educational standards and accountability interventions
to states.
Positive Correlation A relationship where two variables increase or decrease together.
Negative Correlation A relationship where one variable increases while the other decreases.
Experimental Research A study method manipulating independent variables with random assignment to
establish causality.
Case Study An in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or situation.
Ethnography Observational research involving immersion in a specific educational setting.
Longitudinal Study Research tracking changes in the same individuals over an extended period.