Test Bank for Porth’s Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States Complete Questions and Answers Study Guide for Nursing Students Preparing for Disease Processes Clinical Manifestations Pathophysiology Patient Assessment Clinical Reasoning Medical C

,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10thEdition Norris Tes Bank Y1 Y1 Y1 Y1 Y1 JY1




1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused
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on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following
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comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be JY1 Y1 J Y1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1




considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply. JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




reviews and word games during social time JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y 1




facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 J Y1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1




diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y 1




sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




Ans: A, B, C, E JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental,
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and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging
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in book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps
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facilitate physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with
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facilitating physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1




Handwashing is vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs. JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
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variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse
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is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health
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and Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed,
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which would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of
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this report? JY 1 Y1




A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1




descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress. JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1




B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime. JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1




C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits. JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




health care facilities. JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




Ans: B JY1 Y 1




Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
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alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access to JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol
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levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the
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“attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death” determinant. JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y 1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1

,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
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university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
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between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.
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Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of
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molecules that cause disease? JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
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packed red blood cells JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
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familial hypercholesterolemia J Y1 Y1




C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
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therapy and chest physiotherapy JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and
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is HIV positive. JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




Ans: D JY1 Y 1




Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle
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cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the
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effects of abnormal molecules. JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a
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number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following
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aspects of clients' situations bN
esUtR
chSaI
raNctGerTizBe.
JY1Y1 s pCaOt hMo ge ne s is rather than etiology?
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A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
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Ans: B JY1 Y1




Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as the JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y 1




increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors. JY1 Y1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY 1 Y1 JY1 Y1

, 5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has
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arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of
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the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patient
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verifies to the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary
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artery disease? JY1 Y1




A) “All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart attacks.” JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 J Y1 Y 1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




B) “My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods like JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




French fries every day.” JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made it JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y 1




easy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.” JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y 1 JY1 Y1




D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins
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causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart attack.” JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1




Ans: C JY1 Y 1




Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the
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pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process from JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




a fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery
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disease. Risk factors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and
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lack of exercise. JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




6. A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic
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obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessing the JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




client for the first time. WhichNU
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olGloTwBin.gCaO
JY1 Y1 spMects of the patient's current state of
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health would be best characterized as a symptom rather than a sign?
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A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry. JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine. JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




bilaterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1Y1 JY1 Y1




Ans: B JY1 Y1




Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1 JY1 Y1




problem, such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to
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breath sounds, and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.
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