SARAH MICHELLE NP LIVE REVIEW -
ADVANCED PRACTICE CLINICAL
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A 65-year-old patient with a history of heart failure presents with a new onset of a cough
and shortness of breath. On auscultation, you hear a low-pitched sound early in diastole.
Which heart sound is most likely present?
A. S3 gallop
B. S4 gallop
C. Ejection click
D. Midsystolic click
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: S3 is a low-pitched sound heard early in diastole, often
associated with fluid overload or heart failure. S4 occurs late in diastole and is associated
with stiff ventricles.
2. Which of the following laboratory findings is most characteristic of iron deficiency anemia?
A. Increased ferritin, decreased TIBC
B. Decreased ferritin, increased TIBC
,C. Increased MCV, decreased MCHC
D. Normal RDW, decreased Hgb
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: In iron deficiency anemia, ferritin (iron stores) is low, and the
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) increases as the body attempts to bind more iron.
3. According to the JNC 8 guidelines, what is the blood pressure goal for a 62-year-old patient
with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
A. < 120/80 mmHg
B. < 140/90 mmHg
C. < 130/80 mmHg
D. < 150/90 mmHg
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: JNC 8 guidelines recommend a blood pressure goal of < 140/90
mmHg for all ages when diabetes or CKD is present.
4. A patient presents with a ‘strawberry tongue,’ sandpaper-like rash, and sore throat. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Scarlet fever
B. Kawasaki disease
C. Hand-foot-mouth disease
, D. Measles
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Scarlet fever is characterized by a sandpaper rash, strawberry
tongue, and pharyngitis caused by Group A Streptococcus.
5. Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for a patient newly diagnosed with
Type 2 Diabetes and an A1c of 7.5%?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Liraglutide
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is the gold-standard first-line pharmacological
therapy for Type 2 Diabetes unless contraindicated (e.g., GFR < 30).
6. A patient complains of sudden onset of severe eye pain, blurred vision, and seeing ‘halos’
around lights. On exam, the pupil is fixed and mid-dilated. What is the next step?
A. Refer to ophthalmology immediately for acute angle-closure glaucoma
B. Prescribe antibiotic eye drops
C. Perform a fundoscopic exam to check for papilledema
D. Recommend warm compresses and follow-up in 24 hours
ADVANCED PRACTICE CLINICAL
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A 65-year-old patient with a history of heart failure presents with a new onset of a cough
and shortness of breath. On auscultation, you hear a low-pitched sound early in diastole.
Which heart sound is most likely present?
A. S3 gallop
B. S4 gallop
C. Ejection click
D. Midsystolic click
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: S3 is a low-pitched sound heard early in diastole, often
associated with fluid overload or heart failure. S4 occurs late in diastole and is associated
with stiff ventricles.
2. Which of the following laboratory findings is most characteristic of iron deficiency anemia?
A. Increased ferritin, decreased TIBC
B. Decreased ferritin, increased TIBC
,C. Increased MCV, decreased MCHC
D. Normal RDW, decreased Hgb
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: In iron deficiency anemia, ferritin (iron stores) is low, and the
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) increases as the body attempts to bind more iron.
3. According to the JNC 8 guidelines, what is the blood pressure goal for a 62-year-old patient
with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
A. < 120/80 mmHg
B. < 140/90 mmHg
C. < 130/80 mmHg
D. < 150/90 mmHg
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: JNC 8 guidelines recommend a blood pressure goal of < 140/90
mmHg for all ages when diabetes or CKD is present.
4. A patient presents with a ‘strawberry tongue,’ sandpaper-like rash, and sore throat. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Scarlet fever
B. Kawasaki disease
C. Hand-foot-mouth disease
, D. Measles
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Scarlet fever is characterized by a sandpaper rash, strawberry
tongue, and pharyngitis caused by Group A Streptococcus.
5. Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for a patient newly diagnosed with
Type 2 Diabetes and an A1c of 7.5%?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Liraglutide
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is the gold-standard first-line pharmacological
therapy for Type 2 Diabetes unless contraindicated (e.g., GFR < 30).
6. A patient complains of sudden onset of severe eye pain, blurred vision, and seeing ‘halos’
around lights. On exam, the pupil is fixed and mid-dilated. What is the next step?
A. Refer to ophthalmology immediately for acute angle-closure glaucoma
B. Prescribe antibiotic eye drops
C. Perform a fundoscopic exam to check for papilledema
D. Recommend warm compresses and follow-up in 24 hours
