NUR 210 COMPREHENSIVE
PHARMACOLOGY (EXAMS 1-4)
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (GALEN) 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A patient with cirrhosis has low serum albumin levels. When administering a highly
protein-bound medication, what should the nurse anticipate?
A. The drug will be less effective due to lack of binding sites.
B. The drug will have a shorter half-life.
C. There will be an increased risk of drug toxicity.
D. Metabolism of the drug will increase significantly.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Low albumin means fewer binding sites for the drug. This
results in higher levels of ‘free’ (active) drug in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of
toxicity.
2. Which pharmacokinetic process is most affected by the ‘first-pass effect’ during oral
administration?
A. Excretion
B. Distribution
,C. Absorption
D. Metabolism
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The first-pass effect occurs when a drug is metabolized by the
liver immediately after absorption from the GI tract and before reaching systemic
circulation.
3. A patient is prescribed Rifampin for tuberculosis. What is the most critical education point
regarding side effects?
A. Stop the medication immediately if a cough develops.
B. Urine, sweat, and tears may turn a harmless orange-red color.
C. Take the medication with high-fat meals to improve absorption.
D. Restrict fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Rifampin is known to cause a benign discoloration of body
fluids, which can be alarming to patients if not forewarned.
4. Which of the following is a classic sign of Digoxin toxicity that a patient should report
immediately?
A. Dry, non-productive cough
B. Increased appetite and weight gain
, C. Peripheral edema in the lower extremities
D. Yellow-green halos around lights
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos or blurred
vision, are hallmarks of Digoxin toxicity, along with nausea and bradycardia.
5. A patient taking Spironolactone should be instructed to avoid which of the following?
A. Foods high in Vitamin K
B. Dairy products high in calcium
C. Salt substitutes containing potassium
D. Grapefruit juice
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Salt substitutes
often use potassium chloride, which can lead to life-threatening hyperkalemia.
6. A patient is receiving Vancomycin via IV infusion. The nurse notes the patient’s face and
neck have become bright red and itchy. What is the priority action?
A. Stop the infusion and prepare to administer Epinephrine.
B. Apply a cold compress to the affected area.
C. Slow the infusion rate and monitor the patient.
PHARMACOLOGY (EXAMS 1-4)
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (GALEN) 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A patient with cirrhosis has low serum albumin levels. When administering a highly
protein-bound medication, what should the nurse anticipate?
A. The drug will be less effective due to lack of binding sites.
B. The drug will have a shorter half-life.
C. There will be an increased risk of drug toxicity.
D. Metabolism of the drug will increase significantly.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Low albumin means fewer binding sites for the drug. This
results in higher levels of ‘free’ (active) drug in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of
toxicity.
2. Which pharmacokinetic process is most affected by the ‘first-pass effect’ during oral
administration?
A. Excretion
B. Distribution
,C. Absorption
D. Metabolism
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The first-pass effect occurs when a drug is metabolized by the
liver immediately after absorption from the GI tract and before reaching systemic
circulation.
3. A patient is prescribed Rifampin for tuberculosis. What is the most critical education point
regarding side effects?
A. Stop the medication immediately if a cough develops.
B. Urine, sweat, and tears may turn a harmless orange-red color.
C. Take the medication with high-fat meals to improve absorption.
D. Restrict fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Rifampin is known to cause a benign discoloration of body
fluids, which can be alarming to patients if not forewarned.
4. Which of the following is a classic sign of Digoxin toxicity that a patient should report
immediately?
A. Dry, non-productive cough
B. Increased appetite and weight gain
, C. Peripheral edema in the lower extremities
D. Yellow-green halos around lights
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Visual disturbances, specifically yellow-green halos or blurred
vision, are hallmarks of Digoxin toxicity, along with nausea and bradycardia.
5. A patient taking Spironolactone should be instructed to avoid which of the following?
A. Foods high in Vitamin K
B. Dairy products high in calcium
C. Salt substitutes containing potassium
D. Grapefruit juice
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Salt substitutes
often use potassium chloride, which can lead to life-threatening hyperkalemia.
6. A patient is receiving Vancomycin via IV infusion. The nurse notes the patient’s face and
neck have become bright red and itchy. What is the priority action?
A. Stop the infusion and prepare to administer Epinephrine.
B. Apply a cold compress to the affected area.
C. Slow the infusion rate and monitor the patient.
