NR 507 EXAM 2 – ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (CHAMBERLAIN) 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A 55-year-old patient presents with fatigue and numbness in the extremities. Lab results
show a macrocytic-normochromic anemia. Which deficiency is most likely responsible?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency
C. Folic acid deficiency
D. Vitamin C deficiency
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin B12 deficiency (Pernicious Anemia) leads to
macrocytic-normochromic anemia and often presents with neurological symptoms like
paresthesia due to demyelination.
2. In the pathophysiology of iron deficiency anemia, what is the characteristic morphological
appearance of the red blood cells?
A. Macrocytic and hyperchromic
B. Normocytic and normochromic
,C. Microcytic and hypochromic
D. Spherocytic and normochromic
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Iron deficiency anemia is classified as microcytic (small cells)
and hypochromic (pale cells) due to the lack of hemoglobin synthesis.
3. Which clinical finding is specifically associated with the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells?
A. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
B. Multiple Myeloma
C. Acute Myeloid Leukemia
D. Hodgkin Lymphoma
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Reed-Sternberg cells are large, binucleated cells that are the
hallmark diagnostic feature of Hodgkin Lymphoma.
4. Which condition is characterized by a JAK2 mutation leading to an overproduction of red
blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets?
A. Secondary polycythemia
B. Relative polycythemia
C. Polycythemia vera
, D. Aplastic anemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by a
JAK2 mutation, resulting in excessive production of all blood cell lines, primarily RBCs.
5. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is best described as which of the following?
A. A primary clotting disorder inherited genetically
B. A paradoxical condition involving simultaneous clotting and hemorrhage
C. An isolated deficiency of Factor VIII
D. A chronic condition characterized by high platelet counts
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: DIC involves systemic activation of coagulation, consuming
clotting factors and platelets, which leads to widespread bleeding.
6. What is the primary pathophysiology behind Sickle Cell Anemia?
A. A deficiency in the production of alpha-globin chains
B. Acute blood loss leading to bone marrow exhaustion
C. An autoimmune destruction of red blood cell membranes
D. A point mutation where valine replaces glutamic acid in the beta-chain
Answer: D
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (CHAMBERLAIN) 100%
GUARANTEE PASS
1. A 55-year-old patient presents with fatigue and numbness in the extremities. Lab results
show a macrocytic-normochromic anemia. Which deficiency is most likely responsible?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency
C. Folic acid deficiency
D. Vitamin C deficiency
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Vitamin B12 deficiency (Pernicious Anemia) leads to
macrocytic-normochromic anemia and often presents with neurological symptoms like
paresthesia due to demyelination.
2. In the pathophysiology of iron deficiency anemia, what is the characteristic morphological
appearance of the red blood cells?
A. Macrocytic and hyperchromic
B. Normocytic and normochromic
,C. Microcytic and hypochromic
D. Spherocytic and normochromic
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Iron deficiency anemia is classified as microcytic (small cells)
and hypochromic (pale cells) due to the lack of hemoglobin synthesis.
3. Which clinical finding is specifically associated with the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells?
A. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
B. Multiple Myeloma
C. Acute Myeloid Leukemia
D. Hodgkin Lymphoma
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Reed-Sternberg cells are large, binucleated cells that are the
hallmark diagnostic feature of Hodgkin Lymphoma.
4. Which condition is characterized by a JAK2 mutation leading to an overproduction of red
blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets?
A. Secondary polycythemia
B. Relative polycythemia
C. Polycythemia vera
, D. Aplastic anemia
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Polycythemia vera is a myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by a
JAK2 mutation, resulting in excessive production of all blood cell lines, primarily RBCs.
5. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is best described as which of the following?
A. A primary clotting disorder inherited genetically
B. A paradoxical condition involving simultaneous clotting and hemorrhage
C. An isolated deficiency of Factor VIII
D. A chronic condition characterized by high platelet counts
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: DIC involves systemic activation of coagulation, consuming
clotting factors and platelets, which leads to widespread bleeding.
6. What is the primary pathophysiology behind Sickle Cell Anemia?
A. A deficiency in the production of alpha-globin chains
B. Acute blood loss leading to bone marrow exhaustion
C. An autoimmune destruction of red blood cell membranes
D. A point mutation where valine replaces glutamic acid in the beta-chain
Answer: D
