study renal 31 (1)EXAMS
,Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
Match the definitions
Match each word on the right with its definition on the left.
C. Micturition 1. The process of urination
D. Calyces 2. Chambers of the kidney through which urine passes into the renal pelvis
A. Detrusor 3. The bladder wall muscle
F. Pyramids 4. Cone-shaped sections of the renal medulla that contain loops of Henle and collecting
ducts
B. Trigone 5. The area of the bladder between the openings of the ureters and the urethra
E. Hilum 6. The area of the kidney where the ureter exits and blood vessels enter and exit
Circle the correct word from the choices provided to complete these sentences.
7. All of the glomeruli are located in the renal ( cortex).
8. The (external) urethral sphincter is under voluntary control.
9. Urea is a product of ( protein) metabolism; recycling of urea within the renal medulla is necessary to
(concentrate) urine.
10. Elimination of a substance in the urine is called (excretion).
11. The amount of plasma filtered per unit time is the (glomerular filtration rate).
12. Natriuretic peptides (increase) renal excretion of sodium and water; ADH ( decreases) renal
excretion of water, which (increases) urine specific gravity.
13. Blood entering the peritubular capillaries has (low,) hydrostatic pressure and ( high) oncotic
pressure, which facilitates (reabsorption) of fluid from the proximal convoluted tubules.
14. Tamm-Horsfall protein, also known as (, uromodulin), is produced in the ( thick ascending limb of
the loop of Henle) and protects against (infection).
15. The concentration gradient of the renal interstitium (increases) from the cortex to the tip of the
medulla; this gradient is necessary in order to (concentrate) the urine.
16. The countercurrent exchange system operates because fluid flows in opposite directions through the
two segments of the (loop of Henle) and the gradient is maintained by the (vasa recta).
17. The kidneys (activate) vitamin D, a process that is stimulated by (parathyroid hormone).
18. Creatinine clearance and/or blood levels of cystatin C are used to estimate ( glomerular filtration
rate); para-aminohippuric acid clearance is used to estimate (renal blood flow).
Write the anatomic location in the kidney beside each structure. Choices: renal cortex, renal medulla.
Renal Cortex 19. Glomeruli
Renal Medulla 20. Collecting ducts
Renal Cortex 21. Most of the proximal tubules
, Renal Cortex 22. Glomerular capillaries
Renal medulla 23. Most of the distal tubules
Renal Medulla 24. Pyramids
Renal Medulla 25. Most of the vasa recta
Renal Cortex 26. Renal corpuscles
Renal Cortex 27. Interlobular arteries
Renal Cortex 28. Afferent arterioles
Order the steps
Sequence the structures through which fluid flows, starting in the glomerulus and ending as urine in the
bladder.
29. Write the letters here in the correct order of the steps: AEGBFHJDIC
A. Glomerular capillaries
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Bladder
D. Renal pelvis
E. Filtration slits
F. Loop of Henle
G. Bowman space
H. Distal convoluted tubule
I. Ureter
J. Collecting duct
A. Glomerular capillaries
E. Filtration slits
G. Bowman space
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
F. Loop of Henle
H. Distal convoluted tubule
J. Collecting duct
D. Renal pelvis
I. Ureter
C. Bladder
Match the functions
Match the portion of the nephron on the right with its function on the left.
,Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
Match the definitions
Match each word on the right with its definition on the left.
C. Micturition 1. The process of urination
D. Calyces 2. Chambers of the kidney through which urine passes into the renal pelvis
A. Detrusor 3. The bladder wall muscle
F. Pyramids 4. Cone-shaped sections of the renal medulla that contain loops of Henle and collecting
ducts
B. Trigone 5. The area of the bladder between the openings of the ureters and the urethra
E. Hilum 6. The area of the kidney where the ureter exits and blood vessels enter and exit
Circle the correct word from the choices provided to complete these sentences.
7. All of the glomeruli are located in the renal ( cortex).
8. The (external) urethral sphincter is under voluntary control.
9. Urea is a product of ( protein) metabolism; recycling of urea within the renal medulla is necessary to
(concentrate) urine.
10. Elimination of a substance in the urine is called (excretion).
11. The amount of plasma filtered per unit time is the (glomerular filtration rate).
12. Natriuretic peptides (increase) renal excretion of sodium and water; ADH ( decreases) renal
excretion of water, which (increases) urine specific gravity.
13. Blood entering the peritubular capillaries has (low,) hydrostatic pressure and ( high) oncotic
pressure, which facilitates (reabsorption) of fluid from the proximal convoluted tubules.
14. Tamm-Horsfall protein, also known as (, uromodulin), is produced in the ( thick ascending limb of
the loop of Henle) and protects against (infection).
15. The concentration gradient of the renal interstitium (increases) from the cortex to the tip of the
medulla; this gradient is necessary in order to (concentrate) the urine.
16. The countercurrent exchange system operates because fluid flows in opposite directions through the
two segments of the (loop of Henle) and the gradient is maintained by the (vasa recta).
17. The kidneys (activate) vitamin D, a process that is stimulated by (parathyroid hormone).
18. Creatinine clearance and/or blood levels of cystatin C are used to estimate ( glomerular filtration
rate); para-aminohippuric acid clearance is used to estimate (renal blood flow).
Write the anatomic location in the kidney beside each structure. Choices: renal cortex, renal medulla.
Renal Cortex 19. Glomeruli
Renal Medulla 20. Collecting ducts
Renal Cortex 21. Most of the proximal tubules
, Renal Cortex 22. Glomerular capillaries
Renal medulla 23. Most of the distal tubules
Renal Medulla 24. Pyramids
Renal Medulla 25. Most of the vasa recta
Renal Cortex 26. Renal corpuscles
Renal Cortex 27. Interlobular arteries
Renal Cortex 28. Afferent arterioles
Order the steps
Sequence the structures through which fluid flows, starting in the glomerulus and ending as urine in the
bladder.
29. Write the letters here in the correct order of the steps: AEGBFHJDIC
A. Glomerular capillaries
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Bladder
D. Renal pelvis
E. Filtration slits
F. Loop of Henle
G. Bowman space
H. Distal convoluted tubule
I. Ureter
J. Collecting duct
A. Glomerular capillaries
E. Filtration slits
G. Bowman space
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
F. Loop of Henle
H. Distal convoluted tubule
J. Collecting duct
D. Renal pelvis
I. Ureter
C. Bladder
Match the functions
Match the portion of the nephron on the right with its function on the left.
