UTA NURS 5315 MOD 6 PULM AND
SHOCK ACTUAL SCRIPT WITH 100
PERCENT CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Systole
Answer: Contraction of heart as it shoots blood
◉ Diastole
Answer: Relaxing of heart so it can fill with blood
◉ Systolic heart failure
Answer: Heart can't contract
◉ Diastolic heart failure
Answer: Heart can't relax
◉ Coronary artery dominance
Answer: 85% of people are right dominant
Right dominant - posterior descending artery arises from right
coronary artery
,Left dominant - posterior descending artery arises from left
circumflex artery (about 8% of population)
Codominant - posterior descending artery arises from both the
left & right coronary arteries
◉ Most common site of coronary artery occlusion
Answer: Left circumflex artery
So if a left dominant person has an occlusion in the left circumflex
artery, they have a higher chance for poor outcomes.
◉ Dysphagia in coronary artery disease
Answer: When left atria enlarges (as in from occlusion r/t
coronary artery disease), it enlarges and compresses the
esophagus. It can also compress the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
and cause hoarseness.
◉ Coronary Artery Disease: Risk Factors
Answer: Advanced age, male, post-menopausal, family history,
dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, diet high in fat.
◉ Why does hypertension put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
,Answer: Causes endothelial damage, making it easier for
cholesterol to accumulate in damaged area, also triggers
inflammatory response and allows buildup of more cholesterol,
macrophages, foam cells, platelets
◉ Why does smoking put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
Answer: Nicotine triggers release of catecholamines (fight or
flight hormones), which cause vasoconstriction & high blood
pressure
◉ Why does diabetes put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
Answer: Causes endothelial damage
◉ Chronic ischemia in Coronary Artery Disease
Answer: Leads to cellular damage and eventually heart failure
◉ Stable Angina
Answer: -Chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
-OCCURS DURING times of ACTIVITY, as in when myocardial
oxygen demand is higher
-Typically can be reproduced (say it happens when patient is
running. it'll stop when he rests, but when he runs again he will
have angina.)
, ◉ Prinzmetal Angina
Answer: Chest pain that may occur at REST, typically at NIGHT,
usually caused by VASOSPASM, may or may not be associated with
atherosclerosis.
◉ Acute Coronary Syndrome
Answer: Broad term which emcompasses three diagnoses:
Unstable angina, Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, ST
elevation infarction
◉ Unstable Angina
Answer: -Chest pain that is PROLONGED or RECURRENT at REST,
or chest pain that is INCREASING in SEVERITY or FREQUENCY
-Caused by a labile (unstable) thrombus that is does NOT occlude
blood flow for any longer than 20 minutes
-PERFUSION IS RESTORED BEFORE MYOCARDIAL NECROSIS
OCCURS
-Can progress to a heart attack
◉ Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
Answer: -Myocardial infarction resulting from a thrombus that
has occluded coronary artery flow for MORE THAN 20 MINUTES
-Results in myocardial necrosis in the myocardium directly below
the endocardium (innermost layer of ventricles farthest from
blood supplied by coronary arteries, which lie on outside of heart)
SHOCK ACTUAL SCRIPT WITH 100
PERCENT CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Systole
Answer: Contraction of heart as it shoots blood
◉ Diastole
Answer: Relaxing of heart so it can fill with blood
◉ Systolic heart failure
Answer: Heart can't contract
◉ Diastolic heart failure
Answer: Heart can't relax
◉ Coronary artery dominance
Answer: 85% of people are right dominant
Right dominant - posterior descending artery arises from right
coronary artery
,Left dominant - posterior descending artery arises from left
circumflex artery (about 8% of population)
Codominant - posterior descending artery arises from both the
left & right coronary arteries
◉ Most common site of coronary artery occlusion
Answer: Left circumflex artery
So if a left dominant person has an occlusion in the left circumflex
artery, they have a higher chance for poor outcomes.
◉ Dysphagia in coronary artery disease
Answer: When left atria enlarges (as in from occlusion r/t
coronary artery disease), it enlarges and compresses the
esophagus. It can also compress the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
and cause hoarseness.
◉ Coronary Artery Disease: Risk Factors
Answer: Advanced age, male, post-menopausal, family history,
dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, diet high in fat.
◉ Why does hypertension put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
,Answer: Causes endothelial damage, making it easier for
cholesterol to accumulate in damaged area, also triggers
inflammatory response and allows buildup of more cholesterol,
macrophages, foam cells, platelets
◉ Why does smoking put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
Answer: Nicotine triggers release of catecholamines (fight or
flight hormones), which cause vasoconstriction & high blood
pressure
◉ Why does diabetes put a person at increased risk for
developing coronary artery disease?
Answer: Causes endothelial damage
◉ Chronic ischemia in Coronary Artery Disease
Answer: Leads to cellular damage and eventually heart failure
◉ Stable Angina
Answer: -Chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia
-OCCURS DURING times of ACTIVITY, as in when myocardial
oxygen demand is higher
-Typically can be reproduced (say it happens when patient is
running. it'll stop when he rests, but when he runs again he will
have angina.)
, ◉ Prinzmetal Angina
Answer: Chest pain that may occur at REST, typically at NIGHT,
usually caused by VASOSPASM, may or may not be associated with
atherosclerosis.
◉ Acute Coronary Syndrome
Answer: Broad term which emcompasses three diagnoses:
Unstable angina, Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, ST
elevation infarction
◉ Unstable Angina
Answer: -Chest pain that is PROLONGED or RECURRENT at REST,
or chest pain that is INCREASING in SEVERITY or FREQUENCY
-Caused by a labile (unstable) thrombus that is does NOT occlude
blood flow for any longer than 20 minutes
-PERFUSION IS RESTORED BEFORE MYOCARDIAL NECROSIS
OCCURS
-Can progress to a heart attack
◉ Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
Answer: -Myocardial infarction resulting from a thrombus that
has occluded coronary artery flow for MORE THAN 20 MINUTES
-Results in myocardial necrosis in the myocardium directly below
the endocardium (innermost layer of ventricles farthest from
blood supplied by coronary arteries, which lie on outside of heart)
