NUR 445 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | NUR 445 FINAL
EXAM STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST
2026/2027
1 of 148
Term
What are the treatment options for intracranial pressure (ICP)? (7
options)
Give this one a go later!
- HOB 30 degrees or higher (will help drain fluid)
- Keep head midline, don't flex the head or neck.
- Routine neuro checks (ex. GCS)
- Avoid straining, vomiting, bearing down, coughing.
- Keep a calm environment
- Prevent hypoxia or hypercapnia (monitor ABGs)
- External ventricular drain
- Antibiotics (if caused by infection)
- Corticosteroid
, - Neuromuscular blocking agents or paralytics (Sometimes used when patients are
mechanically ventilated)
- Volume cycle ventilation: Assist control mode
- Pressure cycle ventilation: Pressure support ventilation (PSV) and BiPap
· Clotting (thrombotic phase)
o Cyanosis and ischemia in fingers/toes and tip of the nose
o Organ ischemia
o Patients at risk for thrombophlebitis, PE, and stroke
· leeding phase
o Petechiae
o Ecchymosis
o Bleeding from puncture sites or membranes
Don't know?
2 of 148
Term
What labs are expected with heart failure?
Give this one a go later!
Decreased pulmonary artery wedge Decreased stroke volume and
pressure. cardiac output.
Elevated levels of troponin and CK- Increased ejection fraction and
MB. stroke volume.
, Don't know?
3 of 148
Term
Acute kidney disease, what meds should they avoid -
Give this one a go later!
OPIOIDS GLUCOCORTICOIDS
NSAIDS ANTIBIOTICS
Don't know?
4 of 148
Term
Know GCS score, figure out score for Pt
Give this one a go later!
answer is 3 answer is 8
, answer is 15 answer is 12
Don't know?
5 of 148
Definition
- Open: Penetrating thoracic injury that causes air to enter from the
outside in.
- Closed: Air enters the pleural space without an outside wound.
- Tension: Worsening of a pneumothorax where air accumulates so
much and cannot escape (complication of open and closed)
Give this one a go later!
What are three expected What are the treatment options for
medication(s) for ARDs? DIC?
What are the expected labs for DKA? What are the three different
(6 points) types of a pneumothorax?
Don't know?
AND ANSWERS | NUR 445 FINAL
EXAM STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST
2026/2027
1 of 148
Term
What are the treatment options for intracranial pressure (ICP)? (7
options)
Give this one a go later!
- HOB 30 degrees or higher (will help drain fluid)
- Keep head midline, don't flex the head or neck.
- Routine neuro checks (ex. GCS)
- Avoid straining, vomiting, bearing down, coughing.
- Keep a calm environment
- Prevent hypoxia or hypercapnia (monitor ABGs)
- External ventricular drain
- Antibiotics (if caused by infection)
- Corticosteroid
, - Neuromuscular blocking agents or paralytics (Sometimes used when patients are
mechanically ventilated)
- Volume cycle ventilation: Assist control mode
- Pressure cycle ventilation: Pressure support ventilation (PSV) and BiPap
· Clotting (thrombotic phase)
o Cyanosis and ischemia in fingers/toes and tip of the nose
o Organ ischemia
o Patients at risk for thrombophlebitis, PE, and stroke
· leeding phase
o Petechiae
o Ecchymosis
o Bleeding from puncture sites or membranes
Don't know?
2 of 148
Term
What labs are expected with heart failure?
Give this one a go later!
Decreased pulmonary artery wedge Decreased stroke volume and
pressure. cardiac output.
Elevated levels of troponin and CK- Increased ejection fraction and
MB. stroke volume.
, Don't know?
3 of 148
Term
Acute kidney disease, what meds should they avoid -
Give this one a go later!
OPIOIDS GLUCOCORTICOIDS
NSAIDS ANTIBIOTICS
Don't know?
4 of 148
Term
Know GCS score, figure out score for Pt
Give this one a go later!
answer is 3 answer is 8
, answer is 15 answer is 12
Don't know?
5 of 148
Definition
- Open: Penetrating thoracic injury that causes air to enter from the
outside in.
- Closed: Air enters the pleural space without an outside wound.
- Tension: Worsening of a pneumothorax where air accumulates so
much and cannot escape (complication of open and closed)
Give this one a go later!
What are three expected What are the treatment options for
medication(s) for ARDs? DIC?
What are the expected labs for DKA? What are the three different
(6 points) types of a pneumothorax?
Don't know?
