EXSS 256 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
a red blood cell placed in a solution of 5% NaCl would lose
water. this is because the solution is Correct Answers
hypertonic
a significant use of triglycerides in the body is Correct Answers
triglycerides are the most high concentrated form of chemical
energy.
ACTH causes the release of Correct Answers cortisol
active transport Correct Answers primary active transport,
secondary active transport, and vesicular transport.
ADH/vasopressin Correct Answers made in hypothalamus, but
stored and released in the posterior pituitary. decreases urine
volume by causing kidneys to reabsorb water, constricts blood
vessels which increases BP. increased blood osmolarity,
decreased blood volume from dehydration, sweating,
hemorrhage, vomiting, and diarrhea.
adrenal glands Correct Answers outer cortex: produces 3 types
of hormones from 3 zones
inner medulla: medulla produces catecholamines
aldosterone Correct Answers reabsorption of Na and H2O.
excretion of K and H in the urine. goal is to regulate Na and K
levels in the body. regulated by renin-angiotensin pathway
anabolism Correct Answers building; endergonic
,androgens Correct Answers steroid hormones with masculine
effects; testosterone
anterior lobe Correct Answers ACTH, TSH, PRL, FSH, LH,
MSH, hGH
autocrine hormones Correct Answers travel in extracellular
space and act on same cell that secreted it.
blood leaving the hypophyseal portal vein next enters Correct
Answers the second capillary bed
carbohydrate metabolism Correct Answers oxidation of
glucose to produce ATP is called cellular respiration. glycolysis,
formation of acetly coenzyme A, krebs cycle, and ETC reactions
carbohydrates Correct Answers monosaccharides and
disaccharides are simple sugars.
carbohydrates are composed of Correct Answers carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen
catabolism Correct Answers breakdown; exergonic
chemiososis is part of Correct Answers electron transport
system
chylomicrons Correct Answers transport dietary lipids to
adipose tissue
, circulating hormones Correct Answers travel in the blood and
act on distant target cells
concentration gradient Correct Answers the difference in the
concentration of a chemical between one side of the membrane
and the other.
O2 and Na ions have a greater concentration outside the cell.
CO2 and K ions have a greater concentration inside the cell.
diffusion through the lipid bilayer Correct Answers nonpolar,
hydrophobic molecules. important for gas exchange, nutrient
absorption, and waste excretion.
direct gene activation Correct Answers activated receptors alter
gene expression and form new proteins. the proteins alter cells
activity and responses of those hormones.
electrical gradient Correct Answers difference in concentration
of ions between one side of the plasma membrane and the other.
sets up membrane potential.
electrochemical gradients Correct Answers electrical and
concentration gradients together.
electron transport chain Correct Answers each carrier in the
chain is reduced as it picks up electrons and oxidized as it gives
up electrons. exergonic reactions release energy used to form
ATP.
endocrine glands Correct Answers secrete hormones into
interstitial fluid of secretory cells, then diffuse into capillaries.
a red blood cell placed in a solution of 5% NaCl would lose
water. this is because the solution is Correct Answers
hypertonic
a significant use of triglycerides in the body is Correct Answers
triglycerides are the most high concentrated form of chemical
energy.
ACTH causes the release of Correct Answers cortisol
active transport Correct Answers primary active transport,
secondary active transport, and vesicular transport.
ADH/vasopressin Correct Answers made in hypothalamus, but
stored and released in the posterior pituitary. decreases urine
volume by causing kidneys to reabsorb water, constricts blood
vessels which increases BP. increased blood osmolarity,
decreased blood volume from dehydration, sweating,
hemorrhage, vomiting, and diarrhea.
adrenal glands Correct Answers outer cortex: produces 3 types
of hormones from 3 zones
inner medulla: medulla produces catecholamines
aldosterone Correct Answers reabsorption of Na and H2O.
excretion of K and H in the urine. goal is to regulate Na and K
levels in the body. regulated by renin-angiotensin pathway
anabolism Correct Answers building; endergonic
,androgens Correct Answers steroid hormones with masculine
effects; testosterone
anterior lobe Correct Answers ACTH, TSH, PRL, FSH, LH,
MSH, hGH
autocrine hormones Correct Answers travel in extracellular
space and act on same cell that secreted it.
blood leaving the hypophyseal portal vein next enters Correct
Answers the second capillary bed
carbohydrate metabolism Correct Answers oxidation of
glucose to produce ATP is called cellular respiration. glycolysis,
formation of acetly coenzyme A, krebs cycle, and ETC reactions
carbohydrates Correct Answers monosaccharides and
disaccharides are simple sugars.
carbohydrates are composed of Correct Answers carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen
catabolism Correct Answers breakdown; exergonic
chemiososis is part of Correct Answers electron transport
system
chylomicrons Correct Answers transport dietary lipids to
adipose tissue
, circulating hormones Correct Answers travel in the blood and
act on distant target cells
concentration gradient Correct Answers the difference in the
concentration of a chemical between one side of the membrane
and the other.
O2 and Na ions have a greater concentration outside the cell.
CO2 and K ions have a greater concentration inside the cell.
diffusion through the lipid bilayer Correct Answers nonpolar,
hydrophobic molecules. important for gas exchange, nutrient
absorption, and waste excretion.
direct gene activation Correct Answers activated receptors alter
gene expression and form new proteins. the proteins alter cells
activity and responses of those hormones.
electrical gradient Correct Answers difference in concentration
of ions between one side of the plasma membrane and the other.
sets up membrane potential.
electrochemical gradients Correct Answers electrical and
concentration gradients together.
electron transport chain Correct Answers each carrier in the
chain is reduced as it picks up electrons and oxidized as it gives
up electrons. exergonic reactions release energy used to form
ATP.
endocrine glands Correct Answers secrete hormones into
interstitial fluid of secretory cells, then diffuse into capillaries.
