PATHO 370 FINAL EXAM PREP TEST BANK 2
/WCU PATH 370 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS|
CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION | ALREADY
GRADED A+|NEWEST |2026-2027
WEEK 6 CHAPTER 27,28,29,31 AND 33 WEEK 7 CHAPTER 36,37,38,40, AND 41
Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called:
mixed incontinence.
enuresis.
stress incontinence.
overflow incontinence.
overflow incontinence.
Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called
overflow incontinence. Mixed incontinence is a combination of both stress and
urge incontinence. Enuresis is incontinence while asleep. Stress incontinence is
involuntary loss of urine because of increases in intra-abdominal pressure.
Infection by ________ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis.
Chlamydia trachomatis
Candida albicans
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Pseudomonas
1|Page
,Candida albicans
Infection by Candida albicans (formerly called Monilia) accounts for approximately
half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis. Chlamydia trachomatis is a common
cause of pelvic inflammatory disease. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a common
causative agent in PID, because it can penetrate the bacteriostatic barrier of
cervical mucous. Pseudomonas may be associated with PID.
Which group is at the highest risk for urinary tract infection?
Infants and children
Sexually active women
Adult males
Patients taking diuretics
Sexually active women
Sexually active women are at the highest risk for urinary tract infection. Infants and
children, adult males, and patients taking diuretics are not at the highest risk for
urinary tract infection.
Calcium oxylate stone formation is facilitated by:
hypercalciuria.
hypoparathyroidism.
low urine pH.
protein intake.
2|Page
,hypercalciuria.
Hypercalciuria facilitates calcium oxylate stone formation. Hyperparathyroidism
and high urine pH facilitate calcium stone formation. Protein intake does not
facilitate calcium stone formation.
Renal insufficiency occurs when _____ of the nephrons are not functional.
25%
50%
75% to 90%
more than 90%
75% to 90%
In renal insufficiency, 75% to 90% of the nephrons are not functional. When 25% to
50% of nephrons are not functional, it is decreased renal reserve. When 90% of
nephrons are not functional, it is end-stage renal disease.
The urea-splitting bacteria contribute to the formation of ________ kidney stones.
struvite
calcium oxalate
uric acid
cystine
struvite
3|Page
, Struvite kidney stones are caused by the urea-splitting bacteria. Calcium oxalate,
uric acid, and cystine stones are not caused by the urea-splitting bacteria.
The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is:
kidney stone formation.
hydronephrosis.
dilation of the urethra.
anuria.
hydronephrosis.
Dilation of the urinary tract occurs proximal to the obstruction. In this case, the
proximal ureter and renal pelvis would enlarge, causing hydronephrosis. Kidney
stones are causes, rather than consequences, of an upper urinary tract
obstruction. Dilation of the urinary tract occurs proximal to the obstruction. Urine
production will continue to occur if one ureter is blocked.
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include:
anuria.
proteinuria.
red blood cell casts in the urine.
foul-smelling urine.
proteinuria.
Glomerulonephritis leads to proteinuria. Glomerulonephritis produces oliguria, not
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/WCU PATH 370 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS|
CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION | ALREADY
GRADED A+|NEWEST |2026-2027
WEEK 6 CHAPTER 27,28,29,31 AND 33 WEEK 7 CHAPTER 36,37,38,40, AND 41
Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called:
mixed incontinence.
enuresis.
stress incontinence.
overflow incontinence.
overflow incontinence.
Urinary retention with consistent or intermittent dribbling of urine is called
overflow incontinence. Mixed incontinence is a combination of both stress and
urge incontinence. Enuresis is incontinence while asleep. Stress incontinence is
involuntary loss of urine because of increases in intra-abdominal pressure.
Infection by ________ accounts for nearly half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis.
Chlamydia trachomatis
Candida albicans
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Pseudomonas
1|Page
,Candida albicans
Infection by Candida albicans (formerly called Monilia) accounts for approximately
half of all reported cases of vulvovaginitis. Chlamydia trachomatis is a common
cause of pelvic inflammatory disease. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a common
causative agent in PID, because it can penetrate the bacteriostatic barrier of
cervical mucous. Pseudomonas may be associated with PID.
Which group is at the highest risk for urinary tract infection?
Infants and children
Sexually active women
Adult males
Patients taking diuretics
Sexually active women
Sexually active women are at the highest risk for urinary tract infection. Infants and
children, adult males, and patients taking diuretics are not at the highest risk for
urinary tract infection.
Calcium oxylate stone formation is facilitated by:
hypercalciuria.
hypoparathyroidism.
low urine pH.
protein intake.
2|Page
,hypercalciuria.
Hypercalciuria facilitates calcium oxylate stone formation. Hyperparathyroidism
and high urine pH facilitate calcium stone formation. Protein intake does not
facilitate calcium stone formation.
Renal insufficiency occurs when _____ of the nephrons are not functional.
25%
50%
75% to 90%
more than 90%
75% to 90%
In renal insufficiency, 75% to 90% of the nephrons are not functional. When 25% to
50% of nephrons are not functional, it is decreased renal reserve. When 90% of
nephrons are not functional, it is end-stage renal disease.
The urea-splitting bacteria contribute to the formation of ________ kidney stones.
struvite
calcium oxalate
uric acid
cystine
struvite
3|Page
, Struvite kidney stones are caused by the urea-splitting bacteria. Calcium oxalate,
uric acid, and cystine stones are not caused by the urea-splitting bacteria.
The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is:
kidney stone formation.
hydronephrosis.
dilation of the urethra.
anuria.
hydronephrosis.
Dilation of the urinary tract occurs proximal to the obstruction. In this case, the
proximal ureter and renal pelvis would enlarge, causing hydronephrosis. Kidney
stones are causes, rather than consequences, of an upper urinary tract
obstruction. Dilation of the urinary tract occurs proximal to the obstruction. Urine
production will continue to occur if one ureter is blocked.
Signs consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis include:
anuria.
proteinuria.
red blood cell casts in the urine.
foul-smelling urine.
proteinuria.
Glomerulonephritis leads to proteinuria. Glomerulonephritis produces oliguria, not
4|Page
