PATHO 370 MIDTERM PREP EXAM/WCU PATH
370 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM/PATH 370
MIDTERM EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS| CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION |
ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST |2026-2027
Excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion can cause _____ concentration.
increased serum sodium
decreased serum sodium
increased serum potassium
decreased serum potassium
decreased serum sodium
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
causes meningitis. This is an example of
primary prevention.
secondary prevention.
tertiary prevention.
disease treatment.
primary prevention.
Osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus control the release of
angiotensin.
atrial natriuretic peptide.
aldosterone.
vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
1|Page
,Tachycardia is an early sign of low cardiac output that occurs because of
tissue hypoxia.
anxiety.
baroreceptor activity.
acidosis.
baroreceptor activity.
Mitral stenosis is associated with
a prominent S4 heart sound.
a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
left ventricular hypertrophy.
a muffled second heart sound (S2).
a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
The effects of excessive cortisol production include
immune suppression.
hypoglycemia.
anorexia.
inflammatory reactions.
immune suppression.
The hallmark manifestation of acute respiratory distress syndrome is
tachycardia.
hypotension.
frothy secretions.
hypoxemia.
hypoxemia
Which alterations can lead to edema?
Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Increased capillary colloid osmotic pressure
Decreased lymphatic flow
Decreased capillary membrane permeability
2|Page
,Decreased lymphatic flow
Widespread atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and diffuse, fluffy alveolar
infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of
acute respiratory distress syndrome.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
asthma.
cor pulmonale.
acute respiratory distress syndrome.
A primary effector cell of the type I hypersensitivity response is
monocytes.
mast cells.
neutrophils.
cytotoxic cells.
mast cells.
Risk factors for atherosclerosis include
female gender.
hyperlipidemia.
high-protein diet.
low-fiber diet.
hyperlipidemia.
Which change in a patient's assessment has the greatest urgency?
Serum potassium concentration is decreasing; abdominal distention, but denies any
difficulty breathing
Serum calcium concentration is decreasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies
any discomfort
Serum calcium concentration is increasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies
any discomfort
3|Page
, Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing
Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing
A patient who reports an intestinal fistula also reports feeling "weak and dizzy" when
she stands. While taking her blood pressure she becomes temporarily unresponsive but
quickly regains consciousness when put into a supine position. What nursing
interventions will the nurse implement before calling the physician?
Sit her up again, with proper support, so you can have an accurate upright blood
pressure and heart rate to report.
Give her a drink of water or juice, talk with her to calm her down, and ask if she slept
well last night.
Give her water or juice and some salty crackers and ask if she has had any diarrhea or
vomiting.
Assess small vein filling time, look for ankle edema, and ask if she had any fluid to drink
yet today.
Give her water or juice and some salty crackers and ask if she has had any diarrhea or
vomiting.
Second-degree heart block type I (Wenckebach) is characterized by
absent P waves.
lengthening PR intervals and dropped P wave.
constant PR interval and dropped QRS complexes.
no correlation between P waves and QRS complexes.
lengthening PR intervals and dropped P wave.
Causes of metabolic acidosis include
hyperventilation.
massive blood transfusion.
4|Page
370 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM/PATH 370
MIDTERM EXAM WITH ACTUAL CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS| CURRENTLY TESTING VERSION |
ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST |2026-2027
Excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion can cause _____ concentration.
increased serum sodium
decreased serum sodium
increased serum potassium
decreased serum potassium
decreased serum sodium
A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
causes meningitis. This is an example of
primary prevention.
secondary prevention.
tertiary prevention.
disease treatment.
primary prevention.
Osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus control the release of
angiotensin.
atrial natriuretic peptide.
aldosterone.
vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH).
1|Page
,Tachycardia is an early sign of low cardiac output that occurs because of
tissue hypoxia.
anxiety.
baroreceptor activity.
acidosis.
baroreceptor activity.
Mitral stenosis is associated with
a prominent S4 heart sound.
a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
left ventricular hypertrophy.
a muffled second heart sound (S2).
a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
The effects of excessive cortisol production include
immune suppression.
hypoglycemia.
anorexia.
inflammatory reactions.
immune suppression.
The hallmark manifestation of acute respiratory distress syndrome is
tachycardia.
hypotension.
frothy secretions.
hypoxemia.
hypoxemia
Which alterations can lead to edema?
Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Increased capillary colloid osmotic pressure
Decreased lymphatic flow
Decreased capillary membrane permeability
2|Page
,Decreased lymphatic flow
Widespread atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and diffuse, fluffy alveolar
infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of
acute respiratory distress syndrome.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
asthma.
cor pulmonale.
acute respiratory distress syndrome.
A primary effector cell of the type I hypersensitivity response is
monocytes.
mast cells.
neutrophils.
cytotoxic cells.
mast cells.
Risk factors for atherosclerosis include
female gender.
hyperlipidemia.
high-protein diet.
low-fiber diet.
hyperlipidemia.
Which change in a patient's assessment has the greatest urgency?
Serum potassium concentration is decreasing; abdominal distention, but denies any
difficulty breathing
Serum calcium concentration is decreasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies
any discomfort
Serum calcium concentration is increasing; reports constipation; is alert and denies
any discomfort
3|Page
, Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing
Serum potassium concentration is increasing; has developed cardiac dysrhythmias, but
denies any difficulty breathing
A patient who reports an intestinal fistula also reports feeling "weak and dizzy" when
she stands. While taking her blood pressure she becomes temporarily unresponsive but
quickly regains consciousness when put into a supine position. What nursing
interventions will the nurse implement before calling the physician?
Sit her up again, with proper support, so you can have an accurate upright blood
pressure and heart rate to report.
Give her a drink of water or juice, talk with her to calm her down, and ask if she slept
well last night.
Give her water or juice and some salty crackers and ask if she has had any diarrhea or
vomiting.
Assess small vein filling time, look for ankle edema, and ask if she had any fluid to drink
yet today.
Give her water or juice and some salty crackers and ask if she has had any diarrhea or
vomiting.
Second-degree heart block type I (Wenckebach) is characterized by
absent P waves.
lengthening PR intervals and dropped P wave.
constant PR interval and dropped QRS complexes.
no correlation between P waves and QRS complexes.
lengthening PR intervals and dropped P wave.
Causes of metabolic acidosis include
hyperventilation.
massive blood transfusion.
4|Page
