ONS ONCC CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Cell cycle video and image.
Answer:
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_vie
w0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html
◉ Check points in the Cell Cycle: Keeping it All Under Control.
Answer: -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a series of
checkpoints
-Variation in duplication or distribution of chromosomes during cell
division can alter the genetic information passed on to daughter
cells, leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such as cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and control
progression through mitosis
◉ Progression through the cell cycle is controlled through two
proteins:.
Answer: 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
,2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress through each phase
of the cell cycle
◉ Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, B) and CDKs.
Answer: -(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and CDK 4/6
-Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
-Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
◉ Inhibitory proteins.
Answer: -prevent progression of the cycle when DNA damage is
detected
-An example of an inhibitory protein is p53 (AKA TP53)
,◉ DNA Damage Checkpoints.
Answer: -If DNA damage is present, cells are programmed to stop
dividing or undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death)
-The retinoblastoma protein (Rb), p53, and p21 are some of the most
well-understood inhibitory proteins (IP)
◉ Inhibitory proteins p53.
Answer: -Levels of this IP regulate several important target genes
-Will increase when DNA damage is present
-Protects against inappropriate signal proliferation
-sometimes called the "suicide gene"
◉ M Phase Checkpoints.
Answer: When the cells prepare to divide, the chromosomes line up
in the mitotic spindle.
If the chromosomes are not properly aligned, division is not allowed
to continue
, ◉ Immunity.
Answer:
◉ Cells of the Immune System.
Answer:
◉ Pluripotent Stem Cell.
Answer: -The cells of the immune system are created in the bome
marrow from what is know as a ___
-A stem cell that can differentiate into any cell type except for
extraembryotic tissue, does not yet have a function
◉ Myeolid Precursor Cells.
Answer: Mature into:
-RBCS
-Plts
-WBCs (Granulocytes)
◉ Lymphoid Precursor Cells.
Answer: Mature into:
IMMUNOTHERAPY CERTIFICATE EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Cell cycle video and image.
Answer:
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_vie
w0/chapter2/animation__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html
◉ Check points in the Cell Cycle: Keeping it All Under Control.
Answer: -The cell cycle is carefully controlled through a series of
checkpoints
-Variation in duplication or distribution of chromosomes during cell
division can alter the genetic information passed on to daughter
cells, leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such as cancer
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and control
progression through mitosis
◉ Progression through the cell cycle is controlled through two
proteins:.
Answer: 1. cyclines (D, E, A, B)
,2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress through each phase
of the cell cycle
◉ Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, B) and CDKs.
Answer: -(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and CDK 4/6
-Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
-Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
◉ Inhibitory proteins.
Answer: -prevent progression of the cycle when DNA damage is
detected
-An example of an inhibitory protein is p53 (AKA TP53)
,◉ DNA Damage Checkpoints.
Answer: -If DNA damage is present, cells are programmed to stop
dividing or undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death)
-The retinoblastoma protein (Rb), p53, and p21 are some of the most
well-understood inhibitory proteins (IP)
◉ Inhibitory proteins p53.
Answer: -Levels of this IP regulate several important target genes
-Will increase when DNA damage is present
-Protects against inappropriate signal proliferation
-sometimes called the "suicide gene"
◉ M Phase Checkpoints.
Answer: When the cells prepare to divide, the chromosomes line up
in the mitotic spindle.
If the chromosomes are not properly aligned, division is not allowed
to continue
, ◉ Immunity.
Answer:
◉ Cells of the Immune System.
Answer:
◉ Pluripotent Stem Cell.
Answer: -The cells of the immune system are created in the bome
marrow from what is know as a ___
-A stem cell that can differentiate into any cell type except for
extraembryotic tissue, does not yet have a function
◉ Myeolid Precursor Cells.
Answer: Mature into:
-RBCS
-Plts
-WBCs (Granulocytes)
◉ Lymphoid Precursor Cells.
Answer: Mature into:
