WSET DIPLOMA D1 EXAM ACTUAL EXAM | ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+ | LATEST
EXAM
Most important North American grape species - (CORRECT ANSWER)Vitis labrusca, Vitis riparia, Vitis
berlandieri and Vitis rupestris
Four main sections of a grape vine - (CORRECT ANSWER)the main shoots, one-year-old wood,
permanent wood and the roots
What comprises the canopy of a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)The main shoots and all of their major
structures - stem, buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflorescences/grape bunches
What do the main shoots grow from, and when? - (CORRECT ANSWER)The main shoots on the vine grow
in spring from buds retained from the previous year
Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Stems, trunks, roots
Define lignify - (CORRECT ANSWER)Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then called canes
Where do buds form? - (CORRECT ANSWER)between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
Define the two types of buds - (CORRECT ANSWER)- Compound buds (form in one growing season and
break open the following growing season, producing main shoots; typically a primary, secondary, and
maybe tertiary)- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral shoots)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral shoots)
What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they desirable/undesirable? - (CORRECT
ANSWER)- to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the main shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosynthesis (useful if the laterals are near the ends of
the main shoots)
1
,What is second crop? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
known as a 'second crop'
- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can be undesirable as they impede air flow and
can shade the fruit too much
What is green harvesting? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Removal of second crop during summer
Define one-year-old wood - (CORRECT ANSWER)the main shoots from the last growing season that were
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
Define permanent wood - (CORRECT ANSWER)woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
including the trunk
where are most roots found? - (CORRECT ANSWER)top 50cm of soil
what distinguishes PN clone 115? - (CORRECT ANSWER)low yield, small grapes, good for high quality of
red wines
what distinguishes PN clone 521? - (CORRECT ANSWER)high yield, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine
production
When is leaf fall and dormancy? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Nov-March
When is budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)March-April
When is shoot and leaf growth? - (CORRECT ANSWER)March-July
2
,When is flowering and fruit set? - (CORRECT ANSWER)May-June
When is grape development? - (CORRECT ANSWER)June-Oct
When is harvest? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Sept-Oct
How does the vine support itself during dormancy? - (CORRECT ANSWER)starch in the roots, trunk, and
branches
Below what temp can vines be severly damaged? die? - (CORRECT ANSWER)-15C, -25C
What factors determine the timing of budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- air temp (>10C)
- soil temp (higher encourages earlier budburst)
- variety
- human factors (e.g. winter pruning late -> later budburst)
Why is high continentality good for budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)marked differences in temp can
result in uniform budburst
what determines the vigor of a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)rate of shoot growth
when does the fastest rate of shoot growth typically occur? - (CORRECT ANSWER)between budburst and
flowering
what could cause low carb levels in roots, trunk, and branches? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- excessive leaf
removal
- water stress
3
, - high crop loads in prev season
what can slow initial shoot growth rates? - (CORRECT ANSWER)low carb levels
what supports shoot growth in later stages? - (CORRECT ANSWER)photosynthesis
at what point of the vine growing cycle is water stress not desired? - (CORRECT ANSWER)late stages of
shoot growth (can affect photosynthesis)
what can stunted shoot growth lead to? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- weak shoots
- reduction in leaf number/smaller leaves
- inflorescences that do not flower properly
what can limit bud fruitfulness? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- low temp (<25C)
- water stress
- shading
- nutrient deficiency
how long after budburst does flowering typically take place? - (CORRECT ANSWER)8 weeks (temp
dependent)
why are warm conditions (>17C) desired during flowering? - (CORRECT ANSWER)speeds up flowering
(occurs within a few days)
what % of flowers become grapes typically? - (CORRECT ANSWER)30%
what temp does pollen germination require? - (CORRECT ANSWER)26-32C
4
CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED A+ | LATEST
EXAM
Most important North American grape species - (CORRECT ANSWER)Vitis labrusca, Vitis riparia, Vitis
berlandieri and Vitis rupestris
Four main sections of a grape vine - (CORRECT ANSWER)the main shoots, one-year-old wood,
permanent wood and the roots
What comprises the canopy of a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)The main shoots and all of their major
structures - stem, buds, leaves, lateral shoots, tendrils and inflorescences/grape bunches
What do the main shoots grow from, and when? - (CORRECT ANSWER)The main shoots on the vine grow
in spring from buds retained from the previous year
Where are carbohydrates stored in a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Stems, trunks, roots
Define lignify - (CORRECT ANSWER)Green shoots become woody and rigid, they are then called canes
Where do buds form? - (CORRECT ANSWER)between the leaf stalk (petiole) and the stem
Define the two types of buds - (CORRECT ANSWER)- Compound buds (form in one growing season and
break open the following growing season, producing main shoots; typically a primary, secondary, and
maybe tertiary)- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral shoots)
- Prompt buds (form and break open same season, form lateral shoots)
What is the main function of lateral shoots? When are they desirable/undesirable? - (CORRECT
ANSWER)- to allow the plant to carry on growing if the tip of the main shoot has been damaged or eaten
- can provide an additional source of leaves for photosynthesis (useful if the laterals are near the ends of
the main shoots)
1
,What is second crop? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Lateral shoots often produce inflorescences, which can be
known as a 'second crop'
- Growth of laterals nearer the base of the main shoot can be undesirable as they impede air flow and
can shade the fruit too much
What is green harvesting? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Removal of second crop during summer
Define one-year-old wood - (CORRECT ANSWER)the main shoots from the last growing season that were
kept at pruning, supports compound buds; cane or spur
Define permanent wood - (CORRECT ANSWER)woody parts of the vine that are older than one year,
including the trunk
where are most roots found? - (CORRECT ANSWER)top 50cm of soil
what distinguishes PN clone 115? - (CORRECT ANSWER)low yield, small grapes, good for high quality of
red wines
what distinguishes PN clone 521? - (CORRECT ANSWER)high yield, bigger grapes, good for sparkling wine
production
When is leaf fall and dormancy? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Nov-March
When is budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)March-April
When is shoot and leaf growth? - (CORRECT ANSWER)March-July
2
,When is flowering and fruit set? - (CORRECT ANSWER)May-June
When is grape development? - (CORRECT ANSWER)June-Oct
When is harvest? - (CORRECT ANSWER)Sept-Oct
How does the vine support itself during dormancy? - (CORRECT ANSWER)starch in the roots, trunk, and
branches
Below what temp can vines be severly damaged? die? - (CORRECT ANSWER)-15C, -25C
What factors determine the timing of budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- air temp (>10C)
- soil temp (higher encourages earlier budburst)
- variety
- human factors (e.g. winter pruning late -> later budburst)
Why is high continentality good for budburst? - (CORRECT ANSWER)marked differences in temp can
result in uniform budburst
what determines the vigor of a vine? - (CORRECT ANSWER)rate of shoot growth
when does the fastest rate of shoot growth typically occur? - (CORRECT ANSWER)between budburst and
flowering
what could cause low carb levels in roots, trunk, and branches? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- excessive leaf
removal
- water stress
3
, - high crop loads in prev season
what can slow initial shoot growth rates? - (CORRECT ANSWER)low carb levels
what supports shoot growth in later stages? - (CORRECT ANSWER)photosynthesis
at what point of the vine growing cycle is water stress not desired? - (CORRECT ANSWER)late stages of
shoot growth (can affect photosynthesis)
what can stunted shoot growth lead to? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- weak shoots
- reduction in leaf number/smaller leaves
- inflorescences that do not flower properly
what can limit bud fruitfulness? - (CORRECT ANSWER)- low temp (<25C)
- water stress
- shading
- nutrient deficiency
how long after budburst does flowering typically take place? - (CORRECT ANSWER)8 weeks (temp
dependent)
why are warm conditions (>17C) desired during flowering? - (CORRECT ANSWER)speeds up flowering
(occurs within a few days)
what % of flowers become grapes typically? - (CORRECT ANSWER)30%
what temp does pollen germination require? - (CORRECT ANSWER)26-32C
4
