NUR2063 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2026/2027 | 40+ Questions | Fluid & Electrolytes, Cellular Adaptation, Genetics, Cancer & Acid-Base Balance

This NUR2063 Exam 1 2026/2027 study resource contains 40+ exam questions with correct answers across 6 pages, providing focused review of cellular physiology, fluid and electrolyte balance, cellular adaptation, genetics, homeostasis, cancer, edema, acid-base regulation, osmosis, tonicity, and membrane transport. The document uses a concise question-and-answer format that makes it suitable for active recall, rapid revision, and preparation for NUR2063 Exam 1. The uploaded material identifies the course as NUR2063 and the academic period as 2026/2027, but no university is stated; therefore, an institution cannot be accurately included in the title. The opening section concentrates on cell structure, cellular function, and membrane transport. Students review osmosis as movement of solvent across a cell membrane, hypotonic solutions, cellular differentiation, atrophy, cations, the nucleus as the location of genetic material, mitochondrial ATP production, selective permeability, and active transport. The material also distinguishes intracellular, interstitial, and extracellular fluid compartments and identifies potassium as the principal intracellular cation, while sodium and chloride occur at higher concentrations in extracellular fluid. Another major area is cellular adaptation, injury, and death. The questions address atrophy, hyperplasia, cellular enlargement, apoptosis, ischemia, and necrosis, alongside the role of the endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes in protein production. Students also review homeostasis as a state of equilibrium that supports normal organism function. These topics provide foundational pathophysiology concepts for understanding how cells respond to altered workload, environmental stress, injury, and changing physiologic demands. The fluid and electrolyte portion reviews sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, serum osmolality, dehydration, hypervolemia, edema, hypotension, bounding pulses, and pulmonary crackles. Students encounter hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, Chvostek and Trousseau signs, extracellular versus intracellular electrolyte composition, and the role of sodium in water balance. The guide also associates increased capillary hydrostatic pressure with edema and identifies thirst as a manifestation of dehydration. Students also receive focused review of osmosis, tonicity, and fluid movement between body compartments. The document addresses movement of water between intracellular and interstitial spaces, tonicity across semipermeable membranes, fluid-volume deficit and excess, and IV solution concepts. Because several questions directly test the relationship among concentration gradients, water movement, extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid, this section is particularly useful for students preparing for fluid-and-electrolyte calculations and conceptual exam questions. The genetics and cellular reproduction section includes autosomal dominant disorders, chromosomes, alleles, and meiosis. Students review the document's stated human chromosome number of 46, the definition of alleles as variations of genes, and meiosis as the specialized cell-division process associated with sperm and ova. These concepts connect cellular biology with inheritance and disease processes encountered later in pathophysiology and nursing courses. Cancer-related material introduces neoplasms, cancer, prognosis, and curative treatment. The guide identifies cancer as the disease state associated with a neoplasm, defines prognosis in relation to the likelihood of surviving cancer, and identifies eradication of disease as the goal of curative treatment. This provides a concise foundation for later study of abnormal cellular growth, malignancy, treatment goals, and cancer outcomes. The final section addresses acid-base balance, including the roles of body fluids, lungs, kidneys, bicarbonate, and hydrogen ions. Students review metabolic acidosis in relation to low bicarbonate or excess hydrogen/acid and the importance of hydrogen-ion balance in acid-base regulation. The document also includes metabolic alkalosis as an exam topic, although its corresponding answer is left blank in the uploaded source; therefore, that missing answer should not be represented as supplied by the document. Relevant students: This document is particularly relevant for NUR2063 students, nursing pathophysiology students, BSN students, ADN students, pre-licensure nursing students, practical nursing students, LPN/LVN students, nursing fundamentals students, and students reviewing cellular physiology, fluid and electrolytes, genetics, cancer concepts, and acid-base balance. Its short question-and-answer structure is especially suitable for Exam 1 review, self-testing, memorizing key terminology, and identifying foundational pathophysiology concepts that need further study. Referenced academic source: McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. Elsevier. This established pathophysiology text is relevant to the document's major subject areas, including cellular biology, cellular adaptation and injury, genetics, fluid and electrolyte regulation, acid-base homeostasis, and neoplastic disease. 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