NUTRITION 1020 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● Chemical digestion
Answer: The breaking down of big food parts into smaller ones,
involving acid, enzymes, and hormones. Saliva and amylase(breaks
down carbs).
●● What is an Enzyme?
Answer: Protein that catalyze metabolic reactions, and are necessary for
most biochemical reactions to occur.
●● Examples of enzymes
Answer: amylase:carbohydrates
protease:proteins
lipase: Lipids/Fats
●● What is a Hormone?
Answer: Chemicals produced by cells, and secreted, then affect the
behavior of cells at distal sites in the body.
●● Examples of hormones and purpose?
,Answer: Secretin: released from duodenal cells and sends signals to the
pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes to the stomach to produce pepsin,
a protease enzyme, and to the liver to produce bile.
Cholecystokinin: released form duodenal cells and sends signals to the
pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes to the gallbladder to release bile.
●● Peristalsis
Answer: a muscular wave action that occurs throughout the intestinal
tract.
●● Stomach
Answer: muscular organ and storage reservoir. It mechanically digests
food by mixing and churning. Chemically digests food with acid and
some enzymes(pepsin). The food then becomes chyme
●● Small Intestine Order
Answer: Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
●● The 3 accessory Organs and functions
Answer: Liver: makes bile
Gallbladder: stores bile
, Pancreas: Makes enzymes, and makes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize
stomach acid
●● Function of Bile
Answer: Emulsifier:brings the fat to the enzymes
●● Passive(simple) Diffusion(transport)
Answer: products pass freely across membrane, no energy
●● Facilitated Diffusion(transport)
Answer: water soluble vitamins diffuse across membrane using a
specific proteins, needs a protein but no energy
●● Active Transport
Answer: glucose and amino acids move across membrane against a
concentration gradient using a specific protein, and energy.
●● Duodenum absorbs what?
Answer: many nutrients
●● Jejunum absorbs what?
Answer: many nutrients
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● Chemical digestion
Answer: The breaking down of big food parts into smaller ones,
involving acid, enzymes, and hormones. Saliva and amylase(breaks
down carbs).
●● What is an Enzyme?
Answer: Protein that catalyze metabolic reactions, and are necessary for
most biochemical reactions to occur.
●● Examples of enzymes
Answer: amylase:carbohydrates
protease:proteins
lipase: Lipids/Fats
●● What is a Hormone?
Answer: Chemicals produced by cells, and secreted, then affect the
behavior of cells at distal sites in the body.
●● Examples of hormones and purpose?
,Answer: Secretin: released from duodenal cells and sends signals to the
pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes to the stomach to produce pepsin,
a protease enzyme, and to the liver to produce bile.
Cholecystokinin: released form duodenal cells and sends signals to the
pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes to the gallbladder to release bile.
●● Peristalsis
Answer: a muscular wave action that occurs throughout the intestinal
tract.
●● Stomach
Answer: muscular organ and storage reservoir. It mechanically digests
food by mixing and churning. Chemically digests food with acid and
some enzymes(pepsin). The food then becomes chyme
●● Small Intestine Order
Answer: Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
●● The 3 accessory Organs and functions
Answer: Liver: makes bile
Gallbladder: stores bile
, Pancreas: Makes enzymes, and makes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize
stomach acid
●● Function of Bile
Answer: Emulsifier:brings the fat to the enzymes
●● Passive(simple) Diffusion(transport)
Answer: products pass freely across membrane, no energy
●● Facilitated Diffusion(transport)
Answer: water soluble vitamins diffuse across membrane using a
specific proteins, needs a protein but no energy
●● Active Transport
Answer: glucose and amino acids move across membrane against a
concentration gradient using a specific protein, and energy.
●● Duodenum absorbs what?
Answer: many nutrients
●● Jejunum absorbs what?
Answer: many nutrients
