NURSE PRACTITIONERS IN PRIMARY CARE I
PAPER ONE 2026 TEST SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ hyperthermia. Answer: abnormally high body temperature due to
the body inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production
◉ hypothermia. Answer: Abnormally low body temperature often
associated with exposure to cold and the body is unable to
compensate
◉ heatstroke. Answer: prolonged exposure to the sun or high
environmental temperature
overwhelms the heat-loss mechanisms the body
◉ heat exhaustion. Answer: condition resulting from exposure to
heat and excessive loss of fluid through diaphoresis
results in excess water and electrolyte loss
◉ normal pulse range. Answer: 60-100 bpm
strong and regular
,◉ factors that influence pulse: exercise. Answer: short term exercise
increases pulse rate
heart conditioned by long term exercise (athlete) will have lower
resting pulse
◉ what factors influence pulse. Answer: Exercise
Temperature
Acute pain
Emotions
Drugs
Hemorrhage
Position changes
Pulmonary conditions
◉ factors that influence pulse: temperature. Answer: fever and heat
increase pulse
hypothermia decrease pulse
◉ factors that influence pulse: acute pain. Answer: increase in
sympathetic activity will increase HR
effects of chronic pain/parasympathetic stimulation increases by
unrelieved pain which decreases HR
, ◉ factors that influence pulse: emotions. Answer: SNS increase pulse
(anxiety)
PNS decrease pulse
◉ factors that influence pulse: medications. Answer: epinephrine-
increase HR
beta adrenergic and CC blockers decrease HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: hemorrhage. Answer: sympathetic
stimulation by loss of blood increases HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: postural changes. Answer: stand:
increases HR
lying down: decreases HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: pulmonary conditions. Answer:
(asthma, COPD)--> increased HR due to poor oxygenation
◉ tachycardia. Answer: Abnormally rapid HR >100bpm
◉ Bradycardia. Answer: abnormally slow HR <60bpm
◉ dysrhythmia. Answer: Abnormal heart rhythm/missed beats
PAPER ONE 2026 TEST SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+
◉ hyperthermia. Answer: abnormally high body temperature due to
the body inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production
◉ hypothermia. Answer: Abnormally low body temperature often
associated with exposure to cold and the body is unable to
compensate
◉ heatstroke. Answer: prolonged exposure to the sun or high
environmental temperature
overwhelms the heat-loss mechanisms the body
◉ heat exhaustion. Answer: condition resulting from exposure to
heat and excessive loss of fluid through diaphoresis
results in excess water and electrolyte loss
◉ normal pulse range. Answer: 60-100 bpm
strong and regular
,◉ factors that influence pulse: exercise. Answer: short term exercise
increases pulse rate
heart conditioned by long term exercise (athlete) will have lower
resting pulse
◉ what factors influence pulse. Answer: Exercise
Temperature
Acute pain
Emotions
Drugs
Hemorrhage
Position changes
Pulmonary conditions
◉ factors that influence pulse: temperature. Answer: fever and heat
increase pulse
hypothermia decrease pulse
◉ factors that influence pulse: acute pain. Answer: increase in
sympathetic activity will increase HR
effects of chronic pain/parasympathetic stimulation increases by
unrelieved pain which decreases HR
, ◉ factors that influence pulse: emotions. Answer: SNS increase pulse
(anxiety)
PNS decrease pulse
◉ factors that influence pulse: medications. Answer: epinephrine-
increase HR
beta adrenergic and CC blockers decrease HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: hemorrhage. Answer: sympathetic
stimulation by loss of blood increases HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: postural changes. Answer: stand:
increases HR
lying down: decreases HR
◉ factors that influence pulse: pulmonary conditions. Answer:
(asthma, COPD)--> increased HR due to poor oxygenation
◉ tachycardia. Answer: Abnormally rapid HR >100bpm
◉ Bradycardia. Answer: abnormally slow HR <60bpm
◉ dysrhythmia. Answer: Abnormal heart rhythm/missed beats
