NURS231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MODULE 2
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTION GUIDE
◉ What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland?
Answer: Growth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone,
thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins
◉ What is diabetes insipidus? Answer: a disorder caused by
inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss
◉ clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus Answer: polyuria,
nocturia, continuous thirst, and polydipsia
◉ clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? Answer: Excessive
secretion of cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face",
"buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen
develops stretch marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
,Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability
to severe psychiatric disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
◉ clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism Answer:
Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
◉ clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism Answer:
fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
, ◉ clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism Answer:
hypertension and hypokalemia
◉ clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism Answer: High
blood pressure. -
Low level of potassium in the blood. -
Feeling tired all the time. -
Headache. -
Muscle weakness. -
Numbness.
◉ What is myxedema? Answer: severe hypothyroidism; non pitting
edema
◉ What are the causes of hypothyroidism? Answer: Hashimoto's
disease: most common when the immune system attacks the thyroid
cells
- after surgical or radioactive treatment for hyperthyroidism
- head or neck radiation for cancer
- iodine deficiency
◉ What are the three p's in diabetes? Answer: polydipsia, polyuria,
polyphagia
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTION GUIDE
◉ What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland?
Answer: Growth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone,
thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins
◉ What is diabetes insipidus? Answer: a disorder caused by
inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss
◉ clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus Answer: polyuria,
nocturia, continuous thirst, and polydipsia
◉ clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? Answer: Excessive
secretion of cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face",
"buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen
develops stretch marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
,Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability
to severe psychiatric disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
◉ clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism Answer:
Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
◉ clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism Answer:
fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
, ◉ clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism Answer:
hypertension and hypokalemia
◉ clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism Answer: High
blood pressure. -
Low level of potassium in the blood. -
Feeling tired all the time. -
Headache. -
Muscle weakness. -
Numbness.
◉ What is myxedema? Answer: severe hypothyroidism; non pitting
edema
◉ What are the causes of hypothyroidism? Answer: Hashimoto's
disease: most common when the immune system attacks the thyroid
cells
- after surgical or radioactive treatment for hyperthyroidism
- head or neck radiation for cancer
- iodine deficiency
◉ What are the three p's in diabetes? Answer: polydipsia, polyuria,
polyphagia
