Mn551 Final Exam - Complete Questions And Detailed Solutions Latest Update This Year Just Released

MN551 FINAL EXAM - COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE THIS YEAR
JUST RELEASED


Question 1: The bidirectional axonal transport system allows for
the transport of molecular materials (as opposed to electrical
impulses); anterograde transport has both slow and fast
components. Which of the following characterizes a function of the
parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)? a) Conservation of energy
b) Blood sugar increase c) Constriction of the stomach and
intestine sphincters d) Blood flow shifting from the skin and
gastrointestinal tract to the skeletal muscles and brain
Answer:

Conservation of energy


Question 2: The functions of the PNS are concerned with
conservation of energy, resource replenishment and storage, and
maintenance of organ function during periods of minimal
activity—the rest-digest response. All other options are functions
of the sympathetic nervous system The nurse is aware that some
drugs may be prevented from entering the brain as a function of: a)
Elimination by the kidneys b) Rapid absorption in the gastric
mucosa c) Detoxification by the liver d) The blood-brain barrier
Answer:

The blood-brain barrier


Question 3: The blood-brain barrier prevents many drugs from
entering the brain. Most highly water-soluble components are
excluded from the brain, especially molecules with high ionic

,charge, such as many of the catecholamines. An increased blood
pressure is detected by the carotid sinus baroreceptor and results
in stimulation of the vagus nerve to decrease the heart rate. At
which of the following levels of the nervous system does this reflex
adjustment occur? a) Spinal cord b) Brain stem (medulla and pons)
c) Cerebral cortex d) Hypothalumus
Answer:

Brain stem (medulla and pons)


Question 4: Reflex adjustment of cardiovascular and respiratory
function occur at the level of the brain stem (medulla and pons).
The other options do not provide autonomic control of the
cardiovascular system. Which structures are part of the brain
stem? Select all that apply. a) Pons b) Midbrain c) Cerebellum d)
Medulla oblongata
Answer:

• Medulla oblongata


Question 5: • Pons • Midbrain The term brain stem is often used to
include the medulla, pons, and midbrain. The cerebellum is not part
of the brain stem. Which drug, administered by the nurse to a client
with a heart rate of 40 and syncope, is a muscarinic blocking drug
that will increase the heart rate? a) Atropine b) Dopamine c)
Lidocaine d) Epinephrine
Answer:

• Atropine


Question 6: The drug atropine is an antimuscarinic or muscarinic
cholinergic blocking drug that prevents the action of acetylcholine

,at excitatory and inhibitory muscarinic receptor sites. Because it is
a muscarinic blocking drug, it exerts little effect at nicotinic
receptor sites. While explaining the role of skeletal muscle
relaxants, such as succinylcholine, used during anesthesia, the
faculty mentions that these effects are caused by blocking: a) N2,
neuronal-type receptor, a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor b)
Norepinephrine c) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, muscle-type
receptor (NM) d) Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
Answer:

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, muscle-type receptor (NM)


Question 7: Some skeletal muscle relaxants, such as
succinylcholine, can be used to induce muscle relaxation and
short-term paralysis in anesthesia by blocking NM receptors at the
neuromuscular junction. The drug atropine is a competitive
antagonist for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor that prevents
the action of acetylcholine at excitatory and inhibitory muscarinic
receptor sites. Norepinephrine is released at most sympathetic
nerve endings. A client is having an upper endoscopy to determine
the presence of a gastric ulcer. After the procedure is performed,
the nurse instructs the client that he cannot have anything to eat or
drink until the return of the gag reflex. Which nerve is the nurse
testing for return of function? a) Hypoglossal b) Glossopharyngeal
c) Trigeminal d) Abducens
Answer:

Glossopharyngeal


Question 8: The glossopharyngeal nerve innervates the
stylophargeus muscle, posterior external ear, taste buds of
posterior half of tongue, oral pharynx, parotid gland, pharyngeal
muscles, and the stylopharyngeus muscle. It affects the function of

, proprioception, somesthesia, taste, gag reflex, salivary reflex, and
assists in swallowing. The nurse is aware that the primary function
of the sympathetic nervous system is: a) Maintenance of organ
function during periods of minimal activity b) Conservation of
energy and resource replenishment c) Suppression of responses
during threatened periods d) Maintenance of vital functions and
responding when there is a critical threat to the integrity of the
individual
Answer:
Maintenance of vital functions and responding when there is a critical threat to
the integrity of the individual


Question 9: The sympathetic division maintains vital functions and
responds when there is a critical threat to the integrity of the
individual—the "fight-or-flight" response. The parasympathetic
nervous system is concerned with conservation of energy,
resource replenishment, and maintenance of organ function during
periods of minimal activity. The vertebral column provides
protection of: Select all that apply. a) Supporting structures b)
Tendons c) Spinal nerves d) Spinal cord e) Muscles
Answer:

• Spinal cord


Question 10: • Spinal nerves • Supporting structures The vertebral
column provides protection for the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and
supporting structures. Which of the following types of reflex is
stimulated by a nociceptive stimulus? a) Carotid sinus baroreflex
b) Stretch reflex c) Myotatic reflex d) Withdrawal reflex
Answer:

Withdrawal reflex