Adult Health I
OA EXAM
Study Guide & Clinical Prioritization
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➢OA Study Guide & Clinical
Prioritization
➢Zach's Study Guide D444
➢ Study Guide: 161 Questions w/
Answers
➢ Adult Health: Ophthalmology, Respiratory,
Gastrointestinal and Infectious Disease
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,Table of Contents
D444 OA Study Guide & Clinical Prioritization ........................ 2
Zach's Study Guide D444 ............................................................ 12
Adult Health Study Guide: Core Systems & Infections .......... 29
D444 OA Study Guide & Clinical Prioritization
1. Glaucoma priority: Avoid anything that increases intraocular pressure;
no bending, coughing, or straining.
2. Cataracts post-op priority: Avoid bending, lifting, or straining to
prevent increased eye pressure.
3. Corneal Abrasions: Scratches on the cornea causing intense pain and
photophobia; treated with antibiotic ointment and sometimes
patching.
4. Retinal Detachment: Separation of the retina from the epithelium;
characterized by flashing lights, floaters, and a "curtain" over the
vision; an ocular emergency.
5. Meniere's Disease: Inner ear disorder characterized by vertigo,
tinnitus, and hearing loss; managed with low-sodium diet and
diuretics.
, 6. Vertigo: Sensation of spinning or dizziness; nursing priority is safety
and fall prevention.
7. Multiple sclerosis key features: Autoimmune demyelination causing
fatigue, weakness, vision problems, and heat sensitivity.
8. Myasthenia gravis key features: Muscle weakness that worsens with
activity, improves with rest, with ptosis and dysphagia.
9. Myasthenia gravis priority: Maintain airway and give pyridostigmine
before meals.
10. Parkinson's Disease key features: Resting tremor, rigidity, slow
movement, and shuffling gait.
11. Parkinson's priority: Give levodopa on time and prevent falls.
12. Seizure Disorders Priority: Protect airway, turn patient on side,
do not restrain.
13. Pulmonary embolism priority: Oxygen first, then anticoagulants.
14. Melanoma: Most aggressive skin cancer; identified by the
ABCDE rule (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving).
15. Herpes Zoster (Shingles): Reactivation of varicella-virus;
presents as painful vesicles along a dermatome; requires
airborne/contact precautions if disseminated.
16. Hyperkalemia: K > 5.0; causes peaked T-waves and
dysrhythmias; treat with Kayexalate, insulin/glucose, or calcium
gluconate.
17. Hypokalemia: K < 3.5; causes U-waves and muscle weakness;
treat with oral or IV potassium (never IV push).