NR 546 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 5 - ADHD, DEMENTIA, AND
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(CHAMBERLAIN) 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
1. Which of the following describes the primary mechanism of action of Methylphenidate in
the treatment of ADHD?
A. Acts as a potent agonist at alpha-2A adrenergic receptors.
B. Increases the release of dopamine from presynaptic storage vesicles.
C. Blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine via transporter inhibition.
D. Inhibits monoamine oxidase type B to increase synaptic catecholamines.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Methylphenidate works primarily by blocking the reuptake of
dopamine (DAT) and norepinephrine (NET), whereas amphetamines both block reuptake
and promote the release of these neurotransmitters.
2. Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) is unique among stimulants because it is a prodrug. What is
the rate-limiting step of its activation?
A. Cleavage of the lysine molecule by enzymes in the red blood cells.
,B. First-pass metabolism in the liver by CYP2D6.
C. Hydrolysis by gastric acid in the stomach.
D. Glucuronidation in the kidneys for active secretion.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Lisdexamfetamine is converted to active d-amphetamine by the
hydrolytic activity of red blood cells, which provides a consistent release and reduces
abuse potential via injection or inhalation.
3. Atomoxetine (Strattera) carries which of the following black box warnings in children and
adolescents?
A. Increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
B. Increased risk of suicidal ideation.
C. Risk of severe hepatotoxicity.
D. Potential for severe growth suppression.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Like many antidepressants that affect norepinephrine,
Atomoxetine carries a black box warning for increased suicidal ideation in children and
adolescents.
, 4. A patient with ADHD and comorbid Tic Disorder requires treatment. Which non-stimulant
is preferred due to its ability to reduce tics?
A. Bupropion
B. Guanfacine ER
C. Modafinil
D. Methylphenidate
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Alpha-2A agonists like Guanfacine and Clonidine are effective for
ADHD symptoms and are often used when tics are present, as stimulants may exacerbate
tics.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Memantine (Namenda) in the treatment of
Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
B. Agonism at the 5-HT6 serotonin receptor.
C. Uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonism.
D. Inhibition of Beta-amyloid plaque formation.
Answer: C
EXAM 5 - ADHD, DEMENTIA, AND
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(CHAMBERLAIN) 100% GUARANTEE
PASS
1. Which of the following describes the primary mechanism of action of Methylphenidate in
the treatment of ADHD?
A. Acts as a potent agonist at alpha-2A adrenergic receptors.
B. Increases the release of dopamine from presynaptic storage vesicles.
C. Blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine via transporter inhibition.
D. Inhibits monoamine oxidase type B to increase synaptic catecholamines.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Methylphenidate works primarily by blocking the reuptake of
dopamine (DAT) and norepinephrine (NET), whereas amphetamines both block reuptake
and promote the release of these neurotransmitters.
2. Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) is unique among stimulants because it is a prodrug. What is
the rate-limiting step of its activation?
A. Cleavage of the lysine molecule by enzymes in the red blood cells.
,B. First-pass metabolism in the liver by CYP2D6.
C. Hydrolysis by gastric acid in the stomach.
D. Glucuronidation in the kidneys for active secretion.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Lisdexamfetamine is converted to active d-amphetamine by the
hydrolytic activity of red blood cells, which provides a consistent release and reduces
abuse potential via injection or inhalation.
3. Atomoxetine (Strattera) carries which of the following black box warnings in children and
adolescents?
A. Increased risk of sudden cardiac death.
B. Increased risk of suicidal ideation.
C. Risk of severe hepatotoxicity.
D. Potential for severe growth suppression.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Like many antidepressants that affect norepinephrine,
Atomoxetine carries a black box warning for increased suicidal ideation in children and
adolescents.
, 4. A patient with ADHD and comorbid Tic Disorder requires treatment. Which non-stimulant
is preferred due to its ability to reduce tics?
A. Bupropion
B. Guanfacine ER
C. Modafinil
D. Methylphenidate
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Alpha-2A agonists like Guanfacine and Clonidine are effective for
ADHD symptoms and are often used when tics are present, as stimulants may exacerbate
tics.
5. What is the primary mechanism of action of Memantine (Namenda) in the treatment of
Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
B. Agonism at the 5-HT6 serotonin receptor.
C. Uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonism.
D. Inhibition of Beta-amyloid plaque formation.
Answer: C
