BIOD 152 LAB 5: THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM - COMPREHENSIVE
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
1. Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for peristalsis and segmentation?
A. Mucosa
B. Submucosa
C. Muscularis Externa
D. Serosa
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The muscularis externa consists of inner circular and outer
longitudinal smooth muscle layers that coordinate to move and mix food.
2. Which histological feature is unique to the duodenum and helps neutralize acidic chyme?
A. Peyer’s Patches
B. Islets of Langerhans
C. Brunner’s Glands
D. Crypts of Lieberkühn
,Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Brunner’s (duodenal) glands are found in the submucosa of the
duodenum and secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize stomach acid.
3. The falciform ligament attaches which organ to the anterior abdominal wall?
A. Stomach
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen
D. Liver
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The falciform ligament is a remnant of the ventral mesentery
that suspends the liver from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall.
4. Which cell type in the gastric pits is responsible for the secretion of Intrinsic Factor?
A. Chief Cells
B. G Cells
C. Parietal Cells
D. Mucous Neck Cells
Answer: C
, Conceptual Explanation: Parietal cells secrete both Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and Intrinsic
Factor, the latter being essential for Vitamin B12 absorption.
5. What is the primary function of the Kupffer cells found in the liver sinusoids?
A. Bile production
B. Phagocytosis of debris and bacteria
C. Storage of glycogen
D. Detoxification of alcohol
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver
that remove bacteria and worn-out blood cells from the blood.
6. The union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct forms which structure?
A. Pancreatic duct
B. Common bile duct
C. Hepatopancreatic ampulla
D. Main bile canal
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Bile leaves the liver via the hepatic ducts and the gallbladder via
the cystic duct; they join to form the common bile duct.
SYSTEM - COMPREHENSIVE
ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
1. Which layer of the alimentary canal is responsible for peristalsis and segmentation?
A. Mucosa
B. Submucosa
C. Muscularis Externa
D. Serosa
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The muscularis externa consists of inner circular and outer
longitudinal smooth muscle layers that coordinate to move and mix food.
2. Which histological feature is unique to the duodenum and helps neutralize acidic chyme?
A. Peyer’s Patches
B. Islets of Langerhans
C. Brunner’s Glands
D. Crypts of Lieberkühn
,Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Brunner’s (duodenal) glands are found in the submucosa of the
duodenum and secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize stomach acid.
3. The falciform ligament attaches which organ to the anterior abdominal wall?
A. Stomach
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen
D. Liver
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The falciform ligament is a remnant of the ventral mesentery
that suspends the liver from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall.
4. Which cell type in the gastric pits is responsible for the secretion of Intrinsic Factor?
A. Chief Cells
B. G Cells
C. Parietal Cells
D. Mucous Neck Cells
Answer: C
, Conceptual Explanation: Parietal cells secrete both Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and Intrinsic
Factor, the latter being essential for Vitamin B12 absorption.
5. What is the primary function of the Kupffer cells found in the liver sinusoids?
A. Bile production
B. Phagocytosis of debris and bacteria
C. Storage of glycogen
D. Detoxification of alcohol
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver
that remove bacteria and worn-out blood cells from the blood.
6. The union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct forms which structure?
A. Pancreatic duct
B. Common bile duct
C. Hepatopancreatic ampulla
D. Main bile canal
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Bile leaves the liver via the hepatic ducts and the gallbladder via
the cystic duct; they join to form the common bile duct.
