NURS 5461 COMPREHENSIVE
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTIONS
●● Normocytic anemia
Answer: due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC
80-92
●● macrocytic anemia
Answer: due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency
(megaloblastic anemia) / pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
●● serum ferritin
Answer: Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and
serum iron levels will eventually fall.
●● Anemia of chronic disease
Answer: NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal
iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
●● Schistocytes
Answer: Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
,●● pernicious anemia
Answer: Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC
to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
●● Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ?
Answer: B12 deficiency
●● increased homocysteine levels
Answer: Folate deficiency
●● Sperocytes
Answer: Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter,
indicate immune-mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
●● aplastic anemia
Answer: a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone
marrow to produce red blood cells
●● Low ferritin
Answer: iron deficiency anemia
●● Transferrin
, Answer: transports iron
●● TIBC (total iron binding capacity)
Answer: Available transferrin that is left unbound (Represents the
"empty seats on a train"). When iron is low, TIBC will be high. When
iron is high, TIBC will be low
●● MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)
Answer: 32 - 36 g/dL
Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
●● Alzheimer's disease
Answer: Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
form of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors for early treatment.
●● Lewy body dementia
Answer: usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with
Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
●● frontal lobe dementia
Answer: Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan
testing. - decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal
lobe
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTIONS
●● Normocytic anemia
Answer: due to hemorrhage or chronic disease. Aplastic anemia. MVC
80-92
●● macrocytic anemia
Answer: due to folate or vitamin B12(cobalamin) deficiency
(megaloblastic anemia) / pernicious anemia. /liver diseases
●● serum ferritin
Answer: Tests for iron stores. As serum ferritin falls, TIBC rises, and
serum iron levels will eventually fall.
●● Anemia of chronic disease
Answer: NORMOcytic anemia with ↓ serum iron, ↓ TIBC, and normal
iron stores. Treat with epoetin and give an iron supplement
●● Schistocytes
Answer: Associated with hemolytic uremia syndrome
,●● pernicious anemia
Answer: Macrocytic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. B12 is
essential to maturation of erythrocytes - low levels will cause the RBC
to expand. PPIs and histamine2 blockers can cause this.
●● Increased homocysteine & methylmalonic acid level indicates ?
Answer: B12 deficiency
●● increased homocysteine levels
Answer: Folate deficiency
●● Sperocytes
Answer: Appear as spheres, lack central pallor, smaller diameter,
indicate immune-mediated process - can be seen after blood transfusion
●● aplastic anemia
Answer: a normocytic anemia characterized by the failure of bone
marrow to produce red blood cells
●● Low ferritin
Answer: iron deficiency anemia
●● Transferrin
, Answer: transports iron
●● TIBC (total iron binding capacity)
Answer: Available transferrin that is left unbound (Represents the
"empty seats on a train"). When iron is low, TIBC will be high. When
iron is high, TIBC will be low
●● MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)
Answer: 32 - 36 g/dL
Concentration of hemoglobin per RBC
●● Alzheimer's disease
Answer: Gradual onset with early memory impairment. Most common
form of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors for early treatment.
●● Lewy body dementia
Answer: usually a rapidly progressive form of dementia seen with
Parkinson syndrome. - VISUAL HALLUCINATION ARE SEEN.
●● frontal lobe dementia
Answer: Seen before age 60 w personality impairments. PDG-PET Scan
testing. - decreased glucose uptake by the brain in frontal and temporal
lobe
