AP Psychology: Unit 1
2026 | Study Guide,
Practice Questions,
Answers, Rationales &
Exam Review
Updated Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
, introspection first began in laboratory set up by Wilhelm Wundt; process of reporting on one's
own conscious mental experiences
structuralism idea proposed by Wundt that the mind operates by combining subjective emotions
and objective sensations; aimed to uncover the basic structures that make up mind
and thought
functionalism theory presented by William James; emphasizes adaptiveness of the mental or
behavioral processes
Wilhelm Wundt set up first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879; known for training
subjects in introspection and for his theory of structuralism
Margaret Floy Washburn first woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
William James published The Principles of Psychology, the science's first textbook; responsible for
theory of functionalism
Mary Whiton Calkins studied with William James and went on to become president of the American
Psychological Association
G. Stanley Hall student of William James who pioneered he study of child development and was the
first president of the APA
Gestalt psychology theory that states that the whole experience is often more than just the sum of the
parts, because the way we experience the world is more than just an accumulation
of various perceptual experiences; relatively little influence on current psychology
Max Wertheimer Gestalt psychologist who argued against dividing human thought and behavior into
discrete structures
psychoanalysis theory that states a part of our mind over which we do not have conscious control
determines, in part, how we think and behave
Sigmund Freud revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed the unconscious
mind must be examined through dream analysis, word association, and other
psychoanalytic therapy techniques; criticized for being unscientific and creating
unverifiable theories
2026 | Study Guide,
Practice Questions,
Answers, Rationales &
Exam Review
Updated Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
, introspection first began in laboratory set up by Wilhelm Wundt; process of reporting on one's
own conscious mental experiences
structuralism idea proposed by Wundt that the mind operates by combining subjective emotions
and objective sensations; aimed to uncover the basic structures that make up mind
and thought
functionalism theory presented by William James; emphasizes adaptiveness of the mental or
behavioral processes
Wilhelm Wundt set up first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879; known for training
subjects in introspection and for his theory of structuralism
Margaret Floy Washburn first woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
William James published The Principles of Psychology, the science's first textbook; responsible for
theory of functionalism
Mary Whiton Calkins studied with William James and went on to become president of the American
Psychological Association
G. Stanley Hall student of William James who pioneered he study of child development and was the
first president of the APA
Gestalt psychology theory that states that the whole experience is often more than just the sum of the
parts, because the way we experience the world is more than just an accumulation
of various perceptual experiences; relatively little influence on current psychology
Max Wertheimer Gestalt psychologist who argued against dividing human thought and behavior into
discrete structures
psychoanalysis theory that states a part of our mind over which we do not have conscious control
determines, in part, how we think and behave
Sigmund Freud revolutionized psychology with his psychoanalytic theory; believed the unconscious
mind must be examined through dream analysis, word association, and other
psychoanalytic therapy techniques; criticized for being unscientific and creating
unverifiable theories
