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ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING, 5TH EDITION (KYLE & CARMAN)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 2026
Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition (Kyle & Carman) — Questions
1. A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement
explains why the nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
A) Life-span statistics are included in the data.
B) It explains the effectiveness of treatment.
C) Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
D) High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
Answer: D
Rationale: Analysis of morbidity and mortality data provides parents with information about
which groups of individuals are at risk for which health problems. This allows parents to take
preventive measures appropriate for their child's age group .
2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for parents
of school-age children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity in the
teaching plan?
A) Type I diabetes
B) Respiratory disease
C) Celiac disease
D) Type II diabetes
Answer: D
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Rationale: Childhood obesity has been strongly associated with the rise of type II diabetes in
children. Type I diabetes is not associated with obesity and has a genetic/autoimmune
component .
3. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
A) Congenital anomalies
B) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
C) Respiratory distress syndrome
D) Bacterial sepsis of the newborn
Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital anomalies account for approximately 20.1% of deaths in infants younger
than 1 year. SIDS accounts for 8.2%, respiratory distress syndrome 3.4%, and bacterial sepsis
2.7% .
4. Which is the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year through adolescence?
A) Cancer
B) Heart disease
C) Unintentional injuries
D) Congenital anomalies
Answer: C
Rationale: Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1. By the
late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious diseases had become the leading
cause of death for children older than 1 year of age .
5. Which statement best describes the current definition of health according to the World
Health Organization?
A) Health is described as "an absence of disease."
B) Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.
C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
D) Technological gains in health care are shared equally among all children.
Answer: C
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Rationale: The WHO defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" .
6. What is the primary goal of family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
A) To ensure the child receives all necessary medical treatments
B) To include the family as active participants in the child's care
C) To reduce healthcare costs
D) To minimize the number of healthcare providers involved
Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life and
includes them as active participants in all aspects of care, decision-making, and planning .
7. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a child. What is the most important
safety consideration?
A) The child's weight and age for accurate dosing
B) The child's favorite color of medication
C) The time of day
D) The child's preference for oral vs. injectable medication
Answer: A
Rationale: Pediatric medication dosing is based on the child's weight and age to ensure safety
and effectiveness. This is a critical safety consideration in pediatric nursing .
8. The nurse is providing care to a hospitalized child. Which action best demonstrates
atraumatic care?
A) Performing all procedures quickly to minimize time
B) Allowing the child to make all healthcare decisions
C) Using age-appropriate explanations and minimizing painful procedures
D) Restraining the child during procedures for safety
Answer: C
Rationale: Atraumatic care involves using therapeutic communication, age-appropriate
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explanations, and minimizing painful or distressing procedures to reduce physical and
psychological stress of hospitalization .
9. An emancipated minor is defined as:
A) Any minor under age 18 living away from parents
B) A minor who is married, in the military, or legally declared emancipated by a court
C) Any minor over age 16
D) A minor who has given birth to a child
Answer: B
Rationale: Emancipated minors are legally recognized as adults for medical consent. They
include minors who are married, on active military duty, or have been legally declared
emancipated .
10. The nurse suspects that a child is being physically abused. The legally required action is to:
A) Confront the parents with the suspicion
B) Report the suspicion to child protective services
C) Wait for definitive proof before reporting
D) Document the findings and discuss with colleagues
Answer: B
Rationale: Healthcare professionals are mandated reporters. When there is reasonable
suspicion of child abuse, the law requires reporting to child protective services immediately .
11. The pediatric nurse understands that informed consent for a minor child should be
obtained from:
A) The child, if over age 7
B) The parent or legal guardian
C) The child's primary care provider
D) The hospital ethics committee
Answer: B
Rationale: For minor children, informed consent must be obtained from a parent or legal
guardian, except in specific circumstances (emancipated minors, emergencies) .
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ESSENTIALS OF PEDIATRIC NURSING, 5TH EDITION (KYLE & CARMAN)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 2026
Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition (Kyle & Carman) — Questions
1. A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement
explains why the nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
A) Life-span statistics are included in the data.
B) It explains the effectiveness of treatment.
C) Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
D) High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
Answer: D
Rationale: Analysis of morbidity and mortality data provides parents with information about
which groups of individuals are at risk for which health problems. This allows parents to take
preventive measures appropriate for their child's age group .
2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for parents
of school-age children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity in the
teaching plan?
A) Type I diabetes
B) Respiratory disease
C) Celiac disease
D) Type II diabetes
Answer: D
1|Page
,Page 2 of 110
Rationale: Childhood obesity has been strongly associated with the rise of type II diabetes in
children. Type I diabetes is not associated with obesity and has a genetic/autoimmune
component .
3. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
A) Congenital anomalies
B) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
C) Respiratory distress syndrome
D) Bacterial sepsis of the newborn
Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital anomalies account for approximately 20.1% of deaths in infants younger
than 1 year. SIDS accounts for 8.2%, respiratory distress syndrome 3.4%, and bacterial sepsis
2.7% .
4. Which is the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year through adolescence?
A) Cancer
B) Heart disease
C) Unintentional injuries
D) Congenital anomalies
Answer: C
Rationale: Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1. By the
late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious diseases had become the leading
cause of death for children older than 1 year of age .
5. Which statement best describes the current definition of health according to the World
Health Organization?
A) Health is described as "an absence of disease."
B) Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.
C) Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
D) Technological gains in health care are shared equally among all children.
Answer: C
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Rationale: The WHO defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" .
6. What is the primary goal of family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
A) To ensure the child receives all necessary medical treatments
B) To include the family as active participants in the child's care
C) To reduce healthcare costs
D) To minimize the number of healthcare providers involved
Answer: B
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life and
includes them as active participants in all aspects of care, decision-making, and planning .
7. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a child. What is the most important
safety consideration?
A) The child's weight and age for accurate dosing
B) The child's favorite color of medication
C) The time of day
D) The child's preference for oral vs. injectable medication
Answer: A
Rationale: Pediatric medication dosing is based on the child's weight and age to ensure safety
and effectiveness. This is a critical safety consideration in pediatric nursing .
8. The nurse is providing care to a hospitalized child. Which action best demonstrates
atraumatic care?
A) Performing all procedures quickly to minimize time
B) Allowing the child to make all healthcare decisions
C) Using age-appropriate explanations and minimizing painful procedures
D) Restraining the child during procedures for safety
Answer: C
Rationale: Atraumatic care involves using therapeutic communication, age-appropriate
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explanations, and minimizing painful or distressing procedures to reduce physical and
psychological stress of hospitalization .
9. An emancipated minor is defined as:
A) Any minor under age 18 living away from parents
B) A minor who is married, in the military, or legally declared emancipated by a court
C) Any minor over age 16
D) A minor who has given birth to a child
Answer: B
Rationale: Emancipated minors are legally recognized as adults for medical consent. They
include minors who are married, on active military duty, or have been legally declared
emancipated .
10. The nurse suspects that a child is being physically abused. The legally required action is to:
A) Confront the parents with the suspicion
B) Report the suspicion to child protective services
C) Wait for definitive proof before reporting
D) Document the findings and discuss with colleagues
Answer: B
Rationale: Healthcare professionals are mandated reporters. When there is reasonable
suspicion of child abuse, the law requires reporting to child protective services immediately .
11. The pediatric nurse understands that informed consent for a minor child should be
obtained from:
A) The child, if over age 7
B) The parent or legal guardian
C) The child's primary care provider
D) The hospital ethics committee
Answer: B
Rationale: For minor children, informed consent must be obtained from a parent or legal
guardian, except in specific circumstances (emancipated minors, emergencies) .
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