AQA A LEVEL GEOGRAPHY SKILLS
✔✔Flow line map - ✔✔Maps showing the volume of movement between places. The
quantity or volume is shown by the thickness of the line. The direction of movement is
shown by an arrow.
✔✔Frequency - ✔✔The number of times something occurs.
✔✔Function - ✔✔The main purpose of something.
✔✔GIS - ✔✔Geographical Information Systems are computer-based databases where
data is geo-referenced by location and from which the data can be displayed in easy-to-
read graphical formats
✔✔Histogram - ✔✔"Charts where the length of each bar represents the quantity of each
component. The vertical axis measures the total of each of these components. Bar chart
is the technical term where the data is discrete, histogram where the data is
continuous."
✔✔Hypothesis - ✔✔"A statement involving an idea which can be the starting point for
an investigation. The outcome can be accepted, rejected or inconclusive. A Null
Hypothesis is the reverse of the hypothesis."
✔✔Hypothesis Testing - ✔✔The formal process by which a decision is made
concerning the rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis.
✔✔Interpolation - ✔✔The estimation of intermediate values and patterns in data.
✔✔Interquartile range - ✔✔Removing the top and bottom quartiles (quarters) from a set
of data leaving the middle half and stating the range that remains.
✔✔Introduction - ✔✔The purpose of an investigation with details of the structure of the
sections that follow. This is often best written in draft form and then revised after the
findings and conclusion have been completed
✔✔Isoline map - ✔✔Maps with lines joining places of equal value or amounts. Isobars
and contours are examples of isolines.
✔✔Large scale map - ✔✔A map (e.g. 1:25 000 1: 10 000) which covers a small area
but supplies a lot of detail.
✔✔Limitations - ✔✔How and why an investigation is less than perfect.
✔✔Line graphs - ✔✔Graphs which show continuous changes over time.
, ✔✔Linear regression line - ✔✔"A ""line of best fit"" depicting the linear relationship
between two variables. The line is characterized by two features, slope and intercept.
The formula for the best-fit straight line can be used to predict one variable from
another."
✔✔Linear trend - ✔✔"A linear relationship between the independent and the dependent
variable, a relationship which can be represented by a straight line."
✔✔Macro - ✔✔Very large scale.
✔✔Mann Whitney U Test - ✔✔A test of difference between the medians of two ranked
sets of data.
✔✔Maximum - ✔✔The largest value of a set of data.
✔✔Mean - ✔✔The average value of a set of data.
✔✔Median - ✔✔The middle value when all the items in a set of data are arranged in
rank order.
✔✔Micro - ✔✔Very small scale.
✔✔Minimum - ✔✔The smallest value of a set of data.
✔✔Mode - ✔✔The most frequently occurring value in a set of data.
✔✔Morphology - ✔✔The shape or form of something.
✔✔Normal distribution - ✔✔"A bell shaped curve which is perfectly symmetrical, with
the mean and median at the same point."
✔✔Null hypothesis - ✔✔"This is usually a statement of ""no effect"", that is to say that
the independent variable will not have any effect on the dependent variable and that any
differences between the experimental and control groups are attributable to chance.
The null hypothesis is usually represented by the symbol H0, and is stated in order that
it can be rejected as an explanation for the results of the experiment."
✔✔Objective - ✔✔Unbiased (not influences by personal opinions).
✔✔Objectives - ✔✔Specific ideas drawn from a general aim or statement about a topic.
✔✔Pictogram - ✔✔When a picture or symbol is used to represent data.
✔✔Flow line map - ✔✔Maps showing the volume of movement between places. The
quantity or volume is shown by the thickness of the line. The direction of movement is
shown by an arrow.
✔✔Frequency - ✔✔The number of times something occurs.
✔✔Function - ✔✔The main purpose of something.
✔✔GIS - ✔✔Geographical Information Systems are computer-based databases where
data is geo-referenced by location and from which the data can be displayed in easy-to-
read graphical formats
✔✔Histogram - ✔✔"Charts where the length of each bar represents the quantity of each
component. The vertical axis measures the total of each of these components. Bar chart
is the technical term where the data is discrete, histogram where the data is
continuous."
✔✔Hypothesis - ✔✔"A statement involving an idea which can be the starting point for
an investigation. The outcome can be accepted, rejected or inconclusive. A Null
Hypothesis is the reverse of the hypothesis."
✔✔Hypothesis Testing - ✔✔The formal process by which a decision is made
concerning the rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis.
✔✔Interpolation - ✔✔The estimation of intermediate values and patterns in data.
✔✔Interquartile range - ✔✔Removing the top and bottom quartiles (quarters) from a set
of data leaving the middle half and stating the range that remains.
✔✔Introduction - ✔✔The purpose of an investigation with details of the structure of the
sections that follow. This is often best written in draft form and then revised after the
findings and conclusion have been completed
✔✔Isoline map - ✔✔Maps with lines joining places of equal value or amounts. Isobars
and contours are examples of isolines.
✔✔Large scale map - ✔✔A map (e.g. 1:25 000 1: 10 000) which covers a small area
but supplies a lot of detail.
✔✔Limitations - ✔✔How and why an investigation is less than perfect.
✔✔Line graphs - ✔✔Graphs which show continuous changes over time.
, ✔✔Linear regression line - ✔✔"A ""line of best fit"" depicting the linear relationship
between two variables. The line is characterized by two features, slope and intercept.
The formula for the best-fit straight line can be used to predict one variable from
another."
✔✔Linear trend - ✔✔"A linear relationship between the independent and the dependent
variable, a relationship which can be represented by a straight line."
✔✔Macro - ✔✔Very large scale.
✔✔Mann Whitney U Test - ✔✔A test of difference between the medians of two ranked
sets of data.
✔✔Maximum - ✔✔The largest value of a set of data.
✔✔Mean - ✔✔The average value of a set of data.
✔✔Median - ✔✔The middle value when all the items in a set of data are arranged in
rank order.
✔✔Micro - ✔✔Very small scale.
✔✔Minimum - ✔✔The smallest value of a set of data.
✔✔Mode - ✔✔The most frequently occurring value in a set of data.
✔✔Morphology - ✔✔The shape or form of something.
✔✔Normal distribution - ✔✔"A bell shaped curve which is perfectly symmetrical, with
the mean and median at the same point."
✔✔Null hypothesis - ✔✔"This is usually a statement of ""no effect"", that is to say that
the independent variable will not have any effect on the dependent variable and that any
differences between the experimental and control groups are attributable to chance.
The null hypothesis is usually represented by the symbol H0, and is stated in order that
it can be rejected as an explanation for the results of the experiment."
✔✔Objective - ✔✔Unbiased (not influences by personal opinions).
✔✔Objectives - ✔✔Specific ideas drawn from a general aim or statement about a topic.
✔✔Pictogram - ✔✔When a picture or symbol is used to represent data.
