Epid 309 Final Updated Actual Questions And Correct Answers

EPID 309 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. Epidemiology
Answer:
Study of the distribution (person, place, time) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related
states in populations to prevent disease and promote health.

Question:
2. Distribution
Answer:
Who, where, and when disease occurs

Question:
3. Determinants
Answer:
Causes or risk factors influencing disease occurrence

Question:
4. Analytic Epidemiology
Answer:
Examines causes and associations; tests hypotheses

Question:
5. Descriptive Epidemiology
Answer:
Describes person, place, time; generates hypotheses.

Question:
6. Endemic
Answer:
Constant, expected level of disease in a region.

Question:
7. Epidemic
Answer:
Occurrence of disease above expected levels

Question:
8. Pandemic
Answer:
Epidemic spread across countries or continents

,Question:
9. Outbreak
Answer:
Localized epidemic; can be point-source, common-source, or propagated.

Question:
10. Risk Factor
Answer:
Exposure associated with increased likelihood of disease

Question:
11. Exposure
Answer:
A factor that may influence disease (behavior, environment, genetics).

Question:
12. Outcome
Answer:
A health-related event or disease endpoint.

Question:
13. Demographic Transition
Answer:
Shift from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates.

Question:
14. Epidemiologic Transition
Answer:
Shift from infectious ’ chronic diseases as primary causes of death.

Question:
15. Case Report
Answer:
Single unusual case description

Question:
16. Case Series
Answer:
Collection of similar case reports

Question:
17. Key Purpose of Epi
Answer:
Prevent disease, control outbreaks, guide policy

, Question:
18. Ethics in Research
Answer:
Protect participants; informed consent; minimize harm.

Question:
19. Rate
Answer:
Measure with time component; events per population per time.

Question:
20. Ratio
Answer:
One number divided by another; groups may be unrelated.

Question:
21. Proportion
Answer:
A ratio where numerator is part of denominator.

Question:
22. Percent
Answer:
Proportion × 100.

Question:
23. Prevalence (Formula)
Answer:
Existing cases ÷ total population.

Question:
24. Prevalence Measures
Answer:
Burden of disease; includes new + existing cases

Question:
25. Incidence Proportion (Risk)
Answer:
New cases ÷ population at risk

Question:
26. Incidence Rate (Person-Time)
Answer:
New cases ÷ person-time at risk.