Anthropology 1000 Exam 2#1 Question with verified
answers
Taxonomy - √√assign and organize organisms to categories based on their relatedness or
resemblance
Homology - √√similarities used to assign organisms to the same taxon
Analogy - √√common traits due to similar environmental pressures
Convergent Evolution - √√Two different species evolve similar traits but did not come from a
common ancestor. EX: bats and birds
Primate Family Tree - √√Strepsirrhines/haplorrhines
New World/Old World Monkeys
Apes
Primate Tendencies - √√1. Grasping Ability
2. Reliance on Sight over Smell
3. Reliance on Hand over Nose
4. Brain Complexity
5. Parental Investment
6. Sociality
Strepsirrhines - √√Our most distantly related primate. Relatively small with a small brain.
Nocturnal. Solitary
Haplorrhines - √√Diurnal. Gregarious and more social. A larger primate than prosimians.
, New World Monkeys - √√Prehensile tail. Arboreal (tree-dwelling). Nasal Morphology. Mainly in
South America
Old World Monkeys - √√Terrestrial. Greater degree of sexual dimorphism. Located in Africa and
South Asia.
Ape Species - √√Gibbons, Orangutans, Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Bonobos
Sexual Dimorphism - √√noticeable difference between male and female
Orangutans - √√-Diet: varied diet of fruit, insects, bark, leaves
-Locomotion: more arboreal and climbs trees
-Social arrangements: Males forage alone, females and young stay together, also marked sexual
dimorphism
Gorillas - √√-Diet: vegetation rich diet in bulk
-Locomotion: terrestrial (do not spend time in trees)
-Social arrangement: groups of around 20, lives in Africa, marked sexual dimorphism
Chimpanzees - √√-Diet: prefers fruit, omnivorous
-Locomotion: lighter weight so more arboreal
-Social arrangement: smaller degree of sexual dimorphism, communities of up to 50 chimps
Similarities (between humans and apes) - √√1. Learning
2. Tool Use
3. Hunting
4. Symbolic Commutation
answers
Taxonomy - √√assign and organize organisms to categories based on their relatedness or
resemblance
Homology - √√similarities used to assign organisms to the same taxon
Analogy - √√common traits due to similar environmental pressures
Convergent Evolution - √√Two different species evolve similar traits but did not come from a
common ancestor. EX: bats and birds
Primate Family Tree - √√Strepsirrhines/haplorrhines
New World/Old World Monkeys
Apes
Primate Tendencies - √√1. Grasping Ability
2. Reliance on Sight over Smell
3. Reliance on Hand over Nose
4. Brain Complexity
5. Parental Investment
6. Sociality
Strepsirrhines - √√Our most distantly related primate. Relatively small with a small brain.
Nocturnal. Solitary
Haplorrhines - √√Diurnal. Gregarious and more social. A larger primate than prosimians.
, New World Monkeys - √√Prehensile tail. Arboreal (tree-dwelling). Nasal Morphology. Mainly in
South America
Old World Monkeys - √√Terrestrial. Greater degree of sexual dimorphism. Located in Africa and
South Asia.
Ape Species - √√Gibbons, Orangutans, Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Bonobos
Sexual Dimorphism - √√noticeable difference between male and female
Orangutans - √√-Diet: varied diet of fruit, insects, bark, leaves
-Locomotion: more arboreal and climbs trees
-Social arrangements: Males forage alone, females and young stay together, also marked sexual
dimorphism
Gorillas - √√-Diet: vegetation rich diet in bulk
-Locomotion: terrestrial (do not spend time in trees)
-Social arrangement: groups of around 20, lives in Africa, marked sexual dimorphism
Chimpanzees - √√-Diet: prefers fruit, omnivorous
-Locomotion: lighter weight so more arboreal
-Social arrangement: smaller degree of sexual dimorphism, communities of up to 50 chimps
Similarities (between humans and apes) - √√1. Learning
2. Tool Use
3. Hunting
4. Symbolic Commutation
