WGU D118 QUALITY LEADERSHIP
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
1. Which philosopher is credited with the concept of ‘Total Quality Control,’ suggesting that
quality is a way of managing an organization and must be integrated into every process?
A. Philip Crosby
B. W. Edwards Deming
C. Armand Feigenbaum
D. Joseph Juran
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Armand Feigenbaum defined Total Quality Control (TQC) as an
effective system for integrating the quality-development, quality-maintenance, and quality-
improvement efforts of the various groups in an organization.
2. In the context of Statistical Process Control (SPC), what does a process capability index
(Cpk) of less than 1.0 indicate?
A. The process mean is centered between the specifications.
B. The process is meeting all customer requirements consistently.
,C. The process is considered ‘Six Sigma’ capable.
D. The process variation is wider than the specification limits.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A Cpk of less than 1.0 indicates that the process spread is
greater than the specification width, or the mean is too far from the center, meaning the
process is producing defects.
3. A leader uses ‘Hoshin Kanri’ to align the organization’s strategic objectives. What is the
primary purpose of this tool?
A. To ensure that the strategic goals of a company drive progress and action at every level.
B. To perform a quick root cause analysis.
C. To visualize the flow of materials and information in a process.
D. To identify the 20% of causes that result in 80% of the problems.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hoshin Kanri is a policy deployment method that ensures the
strategic goals of an organization are communicated and implemented at every level.
4. Which of the following describes Deming’s ‘System of Profound Knowledge’?
A. Appreciation for a system, knowledge about variation, theory of knowledge, and
psychology.
B. Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.
, C. The Four Absolutes of Quality Management.
D. Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Deming’s System of Profound Knowledge consists of four
interrelated areas: systems thinking, understanding variation, theory of knowledge, and
psychology.
5. In a Lean environment, ‘Muda’ refers to waste. Which of the following is considered one of
the original seven wastes identified by Taiichi Ohno?
A. Employee turnover
B. Underutilization of talent
C. Overproduction
D. Lack of communication
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Overproduction is considered the worst of the seven wastes
because it hides other problems and increases inventory costs.
6. Which leadership style is most effective during a major organizational culture shift toward
Total Quality Management (TQM)?
A. Transactional Leadership
B. Laissez-faire Leadership
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
1. Which philosopher is credited with the concept of ‘Total Quality Control,’ suggesting that
quality is a way of managing an organization and must be integrated into every process?
A. Philip Crosby
B. W. Edwards Deming
C. Armand Feigenbaum
D. Joseph Juran
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Armand Feigenbaum defined Total Quality Control (TQC) as an
effective system for integrating the quality-development, quality-maintenance, and quality-
improvement efforts of the various groups in an organization.
2. In the context of Statistical Process Control (SPC), what does a process capability index
(Cpk) of less than 1.0 indicate?
A. The process mean is centered between the specifications.
B. The process is meeting all customer requirements consistently.
,C. The process is considered ‘Six Sigma’ capable.
D. The process variation is wider than the specification limits.
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: A Cpk of less than 1.0 indicates that the process spread is
greater than the specification width, or the mean is too far from the center, meaning the
process is producing defects.
3. A leader uses ‘Hoshin Kanri’ to align the organization’s strategic objectives. What is the
primary purpose of this tool?
A. To ensure that the strategic goals of a company drive progress and action at every level.
B. To perform a quick root cause analysis.
C. To visualize the flow of materials and information in a process.
D. To identify the 20% of causes that result in 80% of the problems.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hoshin Kanri is a policy deployment method that ensures the
strategic goals of an organization are communicated and implemented at every level.
4. Which of the following describes Deming’s ‘System of Profound Knowledge’?
A. Appreciation for a system, knowledge about variation, theory of knowledge, and
psychology.
B. Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.
, C. The Four Absolutes of Quality Management.
D. Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Deming’s System of Profound Knowledge consists of four
interrelated areas: systems thinking, understanding variation, theory of knowledge, and
psychology.
5. In a Lean environment, ‘Muda’ refers to waste. Which of the following is considered one of
the original seven wastes identified by Taiichi Ohno?
A. Employee turnover
B. Underutilization of talent
C. Overproduction
D. Lack of communication
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Overproduction is considered the worst of the seven wastes
because it hides other problems and increases inventory costs.
6. Which leadership style is most effective during a major organizational culture shift toward
Total Quality Management (TQM)?
A. Transactional Leadership
B. Laissez-faire Leadership
