14: Comprehensive Study
Guide and Exam Review
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, Price It is the only one of the 4 P's that produces revenue all over elements produce
costs and it is also the easiest element of the marketing mix to adjust, and
communicates the intended value of the offering.
Pricing takes many forms and performs many functions. Rent, tuition, fares, fees, rates,
tolls, retainers, wages, and commissions are all the what people pay for some
good or service.
Price It also has many components. It can be altered through rebates and incentives,
and payment can be made with more than cash, such as through the use of
frequent flyer miles
Buyers Name your Own Price, Instant Price Comparisons and Get producs free are
part of Changing Price Environment for?
Sellers Selective Pricing, Negotiate Prices and Monitor Customers are part of
Changing Price Environment for?
psychology Effectively designing and implementing pricing strategies requires a thorough
setting, adapting understanding of consumer pricing ____ and a systematic approach to ____, _______,
and changing prices.
Reference prices: consumers compare an observed price to an internal reference price they
remember or an external frame of reference such as a posted "regular retail
price."
Price-quality inferences: consumers use price as an indicator of quality. Image pricing is especially
effective with ego-sensitive products such as perfumes, expensive cars, and
designer clothing.
Price endings: Many sellers believe prices should end in an odd number. Customers see an
item priced at $299 as being in the $200 rather than the $300 range; they tend
to process prices "left-to-right" rather than by rounding.
Small Business Owner How Companies Price
Product-line Managers (w/guidance)
Pricing Department
Sellers Changing Price Environment
Selective Pricing
Negotiate Prices
Monitor Customers