• NUR 6001 09/15/2026
NU 185 Medical-Surgical Nursing II Comprehensive
Exam Prep Comprehensive Study Guide
UPDATE Actual Questions & Verified Answers with
Detailed Clinical Rationales
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been experiencing severe reflux during sleep. Which
recommendation by the nurse is most effective to assist the client?
a. Losing weight.
b. Decreasing caffeine intake.
c. Avoiding large meals.
d. Raising the head of the bed on blocks. - Correct Answer :D
Rationale
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg position) to reduce reflux and subsequent
aspiration is the most non-pharmacological effective recommendation for a client experiencing severe
gastroesophageal reflux during sleep.
P 1
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
102. A 67-year-old woman who lives alone tripped on a rug in her home and fractured her hip. Which
predisposing factor probably led to the fracture in the proximal end of her femur?
a. Failing eyesight resulting in an unsafe environment.
b. Renal osteodystrophy resulting from chronic renal failure.
c. Osteoporosis resulting from hormonal changes.
d. Cardiovascular changes resulting in small strokes which impair mental acuity. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
The most common cause of a fractured hip in elderly women is osteoporosis, resulting from reduced calcium in
the bones as a result of hormonal changes in later life.
103. Which information about mammograms is most important to provide a post-menopausal female client?
a. Breast self-examinations are not needed if annual mammograms are obtained.
b. Radiation exposure is minimized by shielding the abdomen with a lead-lined apron.
c. Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous normal x-rays.
d. Women at high risk should have annual routine and ultrasound mammograms. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
There are different recommendations from different agnecies. For a client with no risk factors, the earliest breast
screening recommendation is a yearly mammogram at the age 40 and till the age of 54. After that every two
years.The American College of OB/GYN still recommend starting mammograms starting at the age of 40 and
yearly screeenings.The American Cancer Society new guidelines recommend starting at the age of 45 and
thereafter till the age of 54 years old, then every two years. The US Preventive Services Task Force Services
(USPSTS) recommends starting at the age of 50 years old and screenings every two years thereafter.
104. A client with cirrhosis develops increasing pedal edema and ascites. What dietary modification is most
important for the nurse to teach this client?
P 2
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
a. Avoid high carbohydrate foods.
b. Decrease intake of fat soluble vitamins.
c. Decrease caloric intake.
d. Restrict salt and fluid intake. - Correct Answer :D
Rationale
Salt and fluid restrictions are the first dietary modifications for a client who is retaining fluid as manifested by
edema and ascites.
105. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which signs and symptoms should the nurse describe when teaching the client about hypoglycemia?
a. Sweating, trembling, tachycardia.
b. Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
c. Nausea, vomiting, anorexia.
d. Fruity breath, tachypnea, chest pain. - Correct Answer :A
Rationale
Sweating, dizziness, and trembling are signs of hypoglycemic reactions related to the release of epinephrine as a
compensatory response to the low blood sugar.
106. A client who is sexual active with several partners requests an intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive
method. Which information should the nurse provide?
a. Using an IUD offers no protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STD), which increase the risk for
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
b. Getting pregnant while using an IUD is common and is not the best contraceptive choice.
P 3
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
c. Relying on an IUD may be a safer choice for monogamous partners, but a barrier method provides a better
option in preventing STD transmission.
d. Selecting a contraceptive device should consider choosing a successful method used in the past. - Correct
Answer :A
Rationale
The use of an IUD provides the client with no protection from STDs.
107. A female client taking oral contraceptives reports to the nurse that she is experiencing calf pain. What
action should the nurse implement?
a. Determine if the client has also experienced breast tenderness and weight gain.
b. Encourage the client to begin a regular, daily program of walking and exercise.
c. Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.
d. Tell the client to stop taking the medication for a week to see if symptoms subside. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
Calf pain is indicative of thrombophlebitis, a serious, life-threatening complication associated with the use of oral
contraceptives which requires further assessment and possibly immediate medical intervention.
108. The nurse is receiving report from surgery about a client with a penrose drain who is to be admitted to the
postoperative unit. Before choosing a room for this client, which information is most important for the nurse to
obtain?
a. If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound.
b. If the family would prefer a private or semi-private room.
c. null
d. If the client's wound is infected. - Correct Answer :D
P 4
NU 185 Medical-Surgical Nursing II Comprehensive
Exam Prep Comprehensive Study Guide
UPDATE Actual Questions & Verified Answers with
Detailed Clinical Rationales
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been experiencing severe reflux during sleep. Which
recommendation by the nurse is most effective to assist the client?
a. Losing weight.
b. Decreasing caffeine intake.
c. Avoiding large meals.
d. Raising the head of the bed on blocks. - Correct Answer :D
Rationale
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg position) to reduce reflux and subsequent
aspiration is the most non-pharmacological effective recommendation for a client experiencing severe
gastroesophageal reflux during sleep.
P 1
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
102. A 67-year-old woman who lives alone tripped on a rug in her home and fractured her hip. Which
predisposing factor probably led to the fracture in the proximal end of her femur?
a. Failing eyesight resulting in an unsafe environment.
b. Renal osteodystrophy resulting from chronic renal failure.
c. Osteoporosis resulting from hormonal changes.
d. Cardiovascular changes resulting in small strokes which impair mental acuity. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
The most common cause of a fractured hip in elderly women is osteoporosis, resulting from reduced calcium in
the bones as a result of hormonal changes in later life.
103. Which information about mammograms is most important to provide a post-menopausal female client?
a. Breast self-examinations are not needed if annual mammograms are obtained.
b. Radiation exposure is minimized by shielding the abdomen with a lead-lined apron.
c. Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous normal x-rays.
d. Women at high risk should have annual routine and ultrasound mammograms. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
There are different recommendations from different agnecies. For a client with no risk factors, the earliest breast
screening recommendation is a yearly mammogram at the age 40 and till the age of 54. After that every two
years.The American College of OB/GYN still recommend starting mammograms starting at the age of 40 and
yearly screeenings.The American Cancer Society new guidelines recommend starting at the age of 45 and
thereafter till the age of 54 years old, then every two years. The US Preventive Services Task Force Services
(USPSTS) recommends starting at the age of 50 years old and screenings every two years thereafter.
104. A client with cirrhosis develops increasing pedal edema and ascites. What dietary modification is most
important for the nurse to teach this client?
P 2
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
a. Avoid high carbohydrate foods.
b. Decrease intake of fat soluble vitamins.
c. Decrease caloric intake.
d. Restrict salt and fluid intake. - Correct Answer :D
Rationale
Salt and fluid restrictions are the first dietary modifications for a client who is retaining fluid as manifested by
edema and ascites.
105. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which signs and symptoms should the nurse describe when teaching the client about hypoglycemia?
a. Sweating, trembling, tachycardia.
b. Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
c. Nausea, vomiting, anorexia.
d. Fruity breath, tachypnea, chest pain. - Correct Answer :A
Rationale
Sweating, dizziness, and trembling are signs of hypoglycemic reactions related to the release of epinephrine as a
compensatory response to the low blood sugar.
106. A client who is sexual active with several partners requests an intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive
method. Which information should the nurse provide?
a. Using an IUD offers no protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STD), which increase the risk for
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
b. Getting pregnant while using an IUD is common and is not the best contraceptive choice.
P 3
, • NUR 6001 09/15/2026
c. Relying on an IUD may be a safer choice for monogamous partners, but a barrier method provides a better
option in preventing STD transmission.
d. Selecting a contraceptive device should consider choosing a successful method used in the past. - Correct
Answer :A
Rationale
The use of an IUD provides the client with no protection from STDs.
107. A female client taking oral contraceptives reports to the nurse that she is experiencing calf pain. What
action should the nurse implement?
a. Determine if the client has also experienced breast tenderness and weight gain.
b. Encourage the client to begin a regular, daily program of walking and exercise.
c. Advise the client to notify the healthcare provider for immediate medical attention.
d. Tell the client to stop taking the medication for a week to see if symptoms subside. - Correct Answer :C
Rationale
Calf pain is indicative of thrombophlebitis, a serious, life-threatening complication associated with the use of oral
contraceptives which requires further assessment and possibly immediate medical intervention.
108. The nurse is receiving report from surgery about a client with a penrose drain who is to be admitted to the
postoperative unit. Before choosing a room for this client, which information is most important for the nurse to
obtain?
a. If suctioning will be needed for drainage of the wound.
b. If the family would prefer a private or semi-private room.
c. null
d. If the client's wound is infected. - Correct Answer :D
P 4
