Ntr 401 Exam #2 Updated Actual Questions And Correct Answers

NTR 401 EXAM #2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. Cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and proteases to dissolve bone matrix and mineral
Answer:
osteoclast

Question:
2. Calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure
Answer:
1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol

Question:
3. Phylloquinone is...
Answer:
the chemical form of vitamin K that is synthesized in plants

Question:
4. Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet
Answer:
-oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
-(NOT lactose)

Question:
5. Which types of research was used used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011 Institute of
Medicine report?
Answer:
-The concentration of 25-OH vitamin D in serum in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum

Question:
6. Increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels because...
Answer:
enterohepatic recirculation of bile salts is increased by the bile salts binding to the fiber

Question:
7. In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to....
Answer:
Be caused by low intake of vitamin D, not calcium, and be characterized by a normal volume of bone that
is more poorly mineralized

, Question:
8. Blood pH is LEAST likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors?
Answer:
-Buffering by protein and organic acids in the blood
-Excreting varying ratios of cations to anions into the urine by the kidneys
-LOSING EXCESS MOIS- TURE THROUGH THE SKIN BY PERSPIRATION
-Removing carbon dioxide from the blood through the lungs

Question:
9. One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is...
Answer:
In the pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas

Question:
10. Bones and teeth constitute the largest body storage of ALL of the following minerals EXCEPT....
Answer:
-Calcium
-Fluoride
-Phosphorus
-ZINC

Question:
11. The region of the bone most commonly fractured in individuals with osteoporosis is...
Answer:
Ball (epiphysis) of the femur

Question:
12. The metabolic role of vitamin K that inks the physiology of bone development and blood clotting is...
Answer:
Adding a second carboxylic acid to a carboxylic acid side chain on glutamic acids in specific proteins

Question:
13. Toxic outcomes from taking in very high levels of supplemental vitamin D include ALL of the
following EX- CEPT...
Answer:
-Calcium deposits in soft tissue, such as muscle or calcium crystals radiating from the bones
-Calcium deposits in the blood vessels leading to cardiovascular disease
-INCREASED COLON CAN- CER INCIDENCE
-Cognitive or intellectual disabilities in infants

Question:
14. The latest RDA for vitamin D in men and women is 600 I.U. per day, based upon _________ research;
however 2000 I.U. per day is an intake that may be more optimum based upon ___________.
Answer:
Bone heath; serum 25-OH vitamin D at an optimum value of 75 nmol/L or 30 ng/mL