CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Testbank

CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment
Testbank/Studyguide
Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
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1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections amon
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g clients? The nurse:
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1) disinfects dirtyhands with antibacterial soap. c c c c c




2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds.
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3) washes hands onlyafter leaving each room.
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4) uses cold water for medical asepsis.
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2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized patien
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ts?
1) Airborne microbes from other patients c c c c




2) Contact with contaminated equipment c c c




3) Hands of healthcare workers
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4) Exposure from familymembers c c c




3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priorityfor maintaining medical asepsi
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s?
1) Washing hands c




2) Donning gloves c




3) Applying sterile drapes c c




4) Wearing a gown c c




4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is conside
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red a: c




1) pathogen.
2) fomite.
3) vector.
4)carrier.
5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse institu
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te when caring for this patient?
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1) Droplet transmission c




2) Airborne transmission c




3) Direct contact c




4) Indirect contact c

,c 6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous antibioti
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cs to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed?
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1) Endogenous nosocomial c




2) Exogenous nosocomial c




3) Latent
4) Primary
c 7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2 days. His
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condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of infection is the p
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atient most likely experiencing?
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1) Incubation
2) Prodromal
3) Decline
4)
Convalescence
8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is neces
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sary to help maintain sterile technique?
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1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field c c c c c c c c c c c c




2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
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3)
Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field c c c c c c c c c c




4)
Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure c c c c c c c c c c




9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These findin
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gs are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
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1) Phagocytosis
2) Complement cascade c




3) Inflammation
4)
Immunity
10. The patient suddenlydevelops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving an an
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tibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response?
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1) IgA
2) IgE
3) IgG
IgM4)
11. What type of immunityis provided byintravenous (IV) administration of imm
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unoglobulin G? c




1) Cell-mediated
2) Passive
3) Humoral
4) Active

, 12. A patient asks the nurse why there is no vaccine available for the common cold. Which respon
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se by the nurse is correct?
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1) The virus mutates too rapidlyto develop a vaccine.
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2) Vaccines are developed onlyfor veryserious illnesses. c c c c c c c




3) Researchers are focusing efforts on an HIV vaccine. c c c c c c c




4) The virus for the common cold has not been identified.
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1 . A patient who has a temperature of 101F (38.3C) most likelyrequires:
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1) acetaminophen (Tylenol). c




2) increased fluids. c




3) bedrest.
4) tepid bath. c




14. Whyis a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-
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based product as a skin protectant? It:
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1) Prevents microorganisms from adhering to the skin. c c c c c c




2) Facilitates the absorption of latex proteins through the skin. c c c c c c c c




3) Decreases the risk of latex allergies. c c c c c




4) Prevents the skin from drying and chaffing. c c c c c c




15. For which range of time must a nurse wash her hands before working in the operating room?
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1) 1 to 2 minutes c c c




2) 2 to 4 minutes
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3) 2 to 6 minutes
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4) 6 to 10 minutes c c c




16. How should the nurse dispose of the breakfast tray of a patient who requires airborne isolati
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on?
1) Place the tray in a specially marked trash can inside the patients room.
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Place the trayin a special isolation bag held bya second healthcare worker at the patients door.
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2)
Return the traywith a note to dietaryservices so it can be cleaned and reused for the next meal.
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3)
Carrythe trayto an isolation trash receptacle located in the dirtyutilityroom and dispose of it t
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4) here.
1 . How much liquid soap should the nurse use for effective hand washing? At least:
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1) 2 mL c




2) 3 mL c




3) 6 mL c




4) 7 mL c

, 18. To assure effectiveness, when should the nurse stop rubbing antiseptic hand solution over
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all surfaces of the hands?
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1) When fingers feel sticky c c c




2) After 5 to 10 seconds c c c c




3) When leaving the clients room c c c c




4)
Once fingers and hands feel dry c c c c c




19. A patient is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy and has a low white blood cell count.
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Which precaution should the staff take with this patient?
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1) Contact
2) Protective
3) Droplet
4)Airborne
20. While donning sterile gloves, the nurse notices the edges of the glove package are slightly y
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ellow. The yellow area is over 1 inch away from the gloves and only appears to be on the outside of the
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glove package. What is the best action for the nurse to take at this point?
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1) Continue using the gloves inside the package because the package is intact. c c c c c c c c c c c




2) Remove gloves from sterile field and use a new pair ofsterile gloves. c c c c c c c c c c c c




3) Throw all supplies awaythat were to be used and begin again. c c c c c c c c c c c




4) Use the gloves and make sure the yellow edges of the package do not touch the client.
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21. The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item should be remo
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ved first?
c




1) Gown
2) Gloves
3) Face shield c




4) Hair covering c




22. A nurse is splashed in the face bybody fluid during a procedure. Prioritize the nurses actions
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, listing the most important one first.
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A. Contact employee health c c




B. Complete an incident report c c c




C. Wash the exposed area c c c




D. Report to another nurse that she is leaving the immediate area.
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1) 1, 2, 3, 4 c c c




2) 2, 3, 4, 1 c c c




3) 3, 4, 1, 2 c c c




4) 4, 1, 2, 3 c c c




Multiple Response c




Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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1. In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.
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