Chemical Components of Cells – Bonds, Molecules
& Macromolecules Exam Questions with 100%
Verified Answers | Complete Biology Review |
2026–2027
,What is the primary element that living Carbon
organisms are based on?
What is the study of carbon compounds Organic chemistry
known as?
What type of solution do chemical Aqueous solution
reactions in cells primarily occur in?
What is a characteristic of the chemistry It is enormously complex and tightly regulated.
of life?
What are the building blocks of Polymeric molecules made of chains of chemical
macromolecules in cells? subunits.
What is the smallest particle of an An atom
element that retains its chemical
properties?
What particles are found in the nucleus Protons and neutrons
of an atom?
What determines the atomic number of The number of protons in its nucleus.
an element?
What is the atomic number of 1
hydrogen?
What is the atomic number of carbon? 6
,What is the mass of an atom primarily The number of protons and neutrons.
determined by?
What is an isotope? Atoms of the same element with different numbers of
neutrons.
What is the stable isotope of carbon Carbon-12 (12C)
that is most common?
What is the unstable isotope of carbon Carbon-14 (14C)
used in dating organic material?
What is a mole in chemistry? A mole is X grams of a substance, where X is the
molecular weight.
How many molecules are contained in 6 × 10^23 molecules.
one mole of a substance?
What is a one molar (1 M) solution? A solution with a concentration of 1 mole of the
substance in 1 liter of solution.
What is the atomic weight of an atom? The mass relative to that of a hydrogen atom, equal to
the number of protons plus neutrons.
What unit is used to specify the mass of Daltons
an atom or molecule?
What is the standard abbreviation for g
gram?
, What is the standard abbreviation for L
liter?
What is the diameter of a carbon atom 0.2 nm
approximately?
What happens if there are too many or The nucleus may disintegrate by radioactive decay.
too few neutrons in an atom's nucleus?
What is the role of neutrons in an atom? They contribute to the structural stability of the nucleus.
What is the relationship between The number of protons equals the number of electrons.
protons and electrons in a neutral
atom?
What is the significance of the electron It represents the space where electrons are likely to be
cloud in an atom? found around the nucleus.
What is the mass of a proton or neutron 1/(6 × 10^23) gram.
approximately?
What is the primary reason living They follow chemical and physical laws.
organisms are considered chemical
systems?
What is the main function of the To enable cells to grow, reproduce, and perform life
chemical reactions in cells? functions.
What is Avogadro's number? 6 × 10^23, which relates everyday quantities of
chemicals to numbers of individual atoms or molecules.
& Macromolecules Exam Questions with 100%
Verified Answers | Complete Biology Review |
2026–2027
,What is the primary element that living Carbon
organisms are based on?
What is the study of carbon compounds Organic chemistry
known as?
What type of solution do chemical Aqueous solution
reactions in cells primarily occur in?
What is a characteristic of the chemistry It is enormously complex and tightly regulated.
of life?
What are the building blocks of Polymeric molecules made of chains of chemical
macromolecules in cells? subunits.
What is the smallest particle of an An atom
element that retains its chemical
properties?
What particles are found in the nucleus Protons and neutrons
of an atom?
What determines the atomic number of The number of protons in its nucleus.
an element?
What is the atomic number of 1
hydrogen?
What is the atomic number of carbon? 6
,What is the mass of an atom primarily The number of protons and neutrons.
determined by?
What is an isotope? Atoms of the same element with different numbers of
neutrons.
What is the stable isotope of carbon Carbon-12 (12C)
that is most common?
What is the unstable isotope of carbon Carbon-14 (14C)
used in dating organic material?
What is a mole in chemistry? A mole is X grams of a substance, where X is the
molecular weight.
How many molecules are contained in 6 × 10^23 molecules.
one mole of a substance?
What is a one molar (1 M) solution? A solution with a concentration of 1 mole of the
substance in 1 liter of solution.
What is the atomic weight of an atom? The mass relative to that of a hydrogen atom, equal to
the number of protons plus neutrons.
What unit is used to specify the mass of Daltons
an atom or molecule?
What is the standard abbreviation for g
gram?
, What is the standard abbreviation for L
liter?
What is the diameter of a carbon atom 0.2 nm
approximately?
What happens if there are too many or The nucleus may disintegrate by radioactive decay.
too few neutrons in an atom's nucleus?
What is the role of neutrons in an atom? They contribute to the structural stability of the nucleus.
What is the relationship between The number of protons equals the number of electrons.
protons and electrons in a neutral
atom?
What is the significance of the electron It represents the space where electrons are likely to be
cloud in an atom? found around the nucleus.
What is the mass of a proton or neutron 1/(6 × 10^23) gram.
approximately?
What is the primary reason living They follow chemical and physical laws.
organisms are considered chemical
systems?
What is the main function of the To enable cells to grow, reproduce, and perform life
chemical reactions in cells? functions.
What is Avogadro's number? 6 × 10^23, which relates everyday quantities of
chemicals to numbers of individual atoms or molecules.
