BIOL 322 NEUROSCIENCE EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
ALREADY GRADED A+
Portage Learning BIOL 322 Neuroscience: 200+ Questions & Answers
Module 1: Anatomy of the Nervous System
1. What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
The neuron.
2. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
3. What structures make up the CNS?
The brain and spinal cord.
4. What structures make up the PNS?
Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and peripheral ganglia.
5. What are the three major types of neurons?
Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
6. What are glial cells?
Supportive cells of the nervous system that protect and maintain neurons.
7. Which glial cell forms myelin in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes.
8. Which glial cell forms myelin in the PNS?
Schwann cells.
9. What is gray matter composed of?
Neuronal cell bodies and dendrites.
10. What is white matter composed of?
Myelinated axons.
,11. Name the three main parts of a neuron.
Dendrites, cell body (soma), and axon.
12. What is the function of dendrites?
To receive incoming signals from other neurons.
13. What is the function of the axon?
To transmit electrical impulses away from the cell body.
14. What is myelin?
A fatty insulating sheath that increases the speed of signal conduction.
15. What is a synapse?
The junction where a neuron communicates with another cell.
16. What are the major divisions of the brain?
The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
17. What is the primary function of the cerebrum?
Higher functions such as thinking, memory, and voluntary movement.
18. What are meninges?
Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
19. Name the three layers of the meninges.
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
20. What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
A clear fluid that cushions and protects the CNS.
21. Which neuroglial cell is responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier
(BBB)?
Astrocytes.
22. What is the scientific discipline of neuroscience best defined as?
The study of the structure and function of the nervous system.
23. Which two primary divisions constitute the organizational framework
of the nervous system?
Central and peripheral divisions.
24. What is the function of the axon hillock?
It is the region where action potentials are initiated.
25. What is a nerve?
A bundle of axons in the PNS.
, 26. What is a tract?
A bundle of axons in the CNS.
27. What is a ganglion?
A collection of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS.
28. What is a nucleus (in neuroanatomy)?
A collection of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS.
29. What are the three types of neuron structure?
Multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar.
30. How many cranial nerve pairs are there?
12.
31. How many spinal nerve pairs are there?
31.
32. What does the dorsal root of a nerve contain?
Sensory (afferent) neurons.
33. What does the ventral root of a nerve contain?
Motor (efferent) neurons.
34. What is the autonomic nervous system divided into?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
35. What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
Fight or flight responses.
36. What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest and digest functions.
37. What is the role of the thalamus?
It acts as the primary relay station for sensory information traveling to the
cerebral cortex.
38. What is the role of the hypothalamus?
It regulates homeostasis, including temperature, hunger, and hormone release.
39. What is the role of the cerebellum?
It coordinates voluntary movement, balance, and posture.
40. What is the role of the brainstem?
It controls basic life functions such as breathing, heart rate, and consciousness.
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
ALREADY GRADED A+
Portage Learning BIOL 322 Neuroscience: 200+ Questions & Answers
Module 1: Anatomy of the Nervous System
1. What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
The neuron.
2. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
3. What structures make up the CNS?
The brain and spinal cord.
4. What structures make up the PNS?
Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and peripheral ganglia.
5. What are the three major types of neurons?
Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
6. What are glial cells?
Supportive cells of the nervous system that protect and maintain neurons.
7. Which glial cell forms myelin in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes.
8. Which glial cell forms myelin in the PNS?
Schwann cells.
9. What is gray matter composed of?
Neuronal cell bodies and dendrites.
10. What is white matter composed of?
Myelinated axons.
,11. Name the three main parts of a neuron.
Dendrites, cell body (soma), and axon.
12. What is the function of dendrites?
To receive incoming signals from other neurons.
13. What is the function of the axon?
To transmit electrical impulses away from the cell body.
14. What is myelin?
A fatty insulating sheath that increases the speed of signal conduction.
15. What is a synapse?
The junction where a neuron communicates with another cell.
16. What are the major divisions of the brain?
The cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.
17. What is the primary function of the cerebrum?
Higher functions such as thinking, memory, and voluntary movement.
18. What are meninges?
Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
19. Name the three layers of the meninges.
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
20. What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
A clear fluid that cushions and protects the CNS.
21. Which neuroglial cell is responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier
(BBB)?
Astrocytes.
22. What is the scientific discipline of neuroscience best defined as?
The study of the structure and function of the nervous system.
23. Which two primary divisions constitute the organizational framework
of the nervous system?
Central and peripheral divisions.
24. What is the function of the axon hillock?
It is the region where action potentials are initiated.
25. What is a nerve?
A bundle of axons in the PNS.
, 26. What is a tract?
A bundle of axons in the CNS.
27. What is a ganglion?
A collection of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS.
28. What is a nucleus (in neuroanatomy)?
A collection of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS.
29. What are the three types of neuron structure?
Multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar.
30. How many cranial nerve pairs are there?
12.
31. How many spinal nerve pairs are there?
31.
32. What does the dorsal root of a nerve contain?
Sensory (afferent) neurons.
33. What does the ventral root of a nerve contain?
Motor (efferent) neurons.
34. What is the autonomic nervous system divided into?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
35. What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?
Fight or flight responses.
36. What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest and digest functions.
37. What is the role of the thalamus?
It acts as the primary relay station for sensory information traveling to the
cerebral cortex.
38. What is the role of the hypothalamus?
It regulates homeostasis, including temperature, hunger, and hormone release.
39. What is the role of the cerebellum?
It coordinates voluntary movement, balance, and posture.
40. What is the role of the brainstem?
It controls basic life functions such as breathing, heart rate, and consciousness.
