AUGUSTA TECHNICAL COLLEGE PSYCH 1101 FINAL EXAM
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | PRACTICE TEST
2026/2027
Overconfidence - ANS ✔✔the tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the
accuracy of our beliefs and judgments.
hindsight bias - ANS ✔✔the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have
foreseen it
Darwin - ANS ✔✔English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection
(1809-1882)
operational definition - ANS ✔✔a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research
study
divided consciousness theory of hypnosis - ANS ✔✔a state of awareness characterized by divided
attention to two or more tasks or activities performed at the same time
Alcohol and its effects - ANS ✔✔• Alcohol is distributed quickly
and thoroughly in the body
• It can affect the central nervous
system even in small
concentrations
• Even small amounts in the
blood can slow reactions
Hypnosis - ANS ✔✔a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the
subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
dual processing - ANS ✔✔the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate
conscious and unconscious tracks
sleep apnea - ANS ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep
and repeated momentary awakenings
sleep- confidence and self self-esteem at different ages - ANS ✔✔
infant reflexes - ANS ✔✔1. grasping 2. startle 3. rooting 4. stepping 5. sucking
Habituation - ANS ✔✔decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity
with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner.
, Haidt's intuitionist perspective - ANS ✔✔The idea that most moral judgments are generated by the
intuitive process and the purpose of reasoning is to provide a biased basis for justification.
Erickson's theory - ANS ✔✔Psychosocial Development , 8 stages of psychosocial development unfold
throughout the human lifespan. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts
individuals with a crisis that must be faced. Stages 3, 4, and 5 relevant to education
Transgender - ANS ✔✔an umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs
from that associated with their birth sex
gender roles - ANS ✔✔A girl is expected to play with dolls while a boy is expected to play with trucks
sexual dysfunction - ANS ✔✔a disorder marked by a persistent inability to function normally in some
area of the sexual response cycle
gender differences in sexuality - ANS ✔✔frontal lobes are thicker in women than in men
men have a lower threshold for perceiving warm responses as a sexual come-on
power/ drive needs and gender differences - ANS ✔✔
sense of taste, smell, touch, hearing, sight - ANS ✔✔Sense of taste- being able to determine sweet from
sour; smell- able to determine the difference between normal food and burnt food; hearing- ability to
determine a male voice from a female voice; sight- seeing something
subliminal stimulation - ANS ✔✔receiving messages below one's absolute threshold for conscious
awareness
cataract - ANS ✔✔clouding of the lens of the eye
Operant Conditioning (Skinner) - ANS ✔✔- a method of learning that occurs through rewards and
punishments for behavior
- based on consequences of actions
types of reinforcement - ANS ✔✔**Positive --> attractive consequences
**Avoidance --> aka negative; employee avoid neg consequence
**Extinction--> withhold reinforcement when behavior occurs
**Punishment --> undesirable consequence
little albert experiment - ANS ✔✔1920 - Watson - classical conditioning on a 9 month old baby - white
rat was paired with a loud clanking noise resulting in crying and fear of rat
reinforcements and punishments - ANS ✔✔consequences that increase or decrease the likelihood of a
behavior
vicarious reinforcements - ANS ✔✔Learning that occurs by observing the reinforcement or punishment
of another person.
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | PRACTICE TEST
2026/2027
Overconfidence - ANS ✔✔the tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the
accuracy of our beliefs and judgments.
hindsight bias - ANS ✔✔the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have
foreseen it
Darwin - ANS ✔✔English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection
(1809-1882)
operational definition - ANS ✔✔a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research
study
divided consciousness theory of hypnosis - ANS ✔✔a state of awareness characterized by divided
attention to two or more tasks or activities performed at the same time
Alcohol and its effects - ANS ✔✔• Alcohol is distributed quickly
and thoroughly in the body
• It can affect the central nervous
system even in small
concentrations
• Even small amounts in the
blood can slow reactions
Hypnosis - ANS ✔✔a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the
subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
dual processing - ANS ✔✔the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate
conscious and unconscious tracks
sleep apnea - ANS ✔✔a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep
and repeated momentary awakenings
sleep- confidence and self self-esteem at different ages - ANS ✔✔
infant reflexes - ANS ✔✔1. grasping 2. startle 3. rooting 4. stepping 5. sucking
Habituation - ANS ✔✔decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity
with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner.
, Haidt's intuitionist perspective - ANS ✔✔The idea that most moral judgments are generated by the
intuitive process and the purpose of reasoning is to provide a biased basis for justification.
Erickson's theory - ANS ✔✔Psychosocial Development , 8 stages of psychosocial development unfold
throughout the human lifespan. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts
individuals with a crisis that must be faced. Stages 3, 4, and 5 relevant to education
Transgender - ANS ✔✔an umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or expression differs
from that associated with their birth sex
gender roles - ANS ✔✔A girl is expected to play with dolls while a boy is expected to play with trucks
sexual dysfunction - ANS ✔✔a disorder marked by a persistent inability to function normally in some
area of the sexual response cycle
gender differences in sexuality - ANS ✔✔frontal lobes are thicker in women than in men
men have a lower threshold for perceiving warm responses as a sexual come-on
power/ drive needs and gender differences - ANS ✔✔
sense of taste, smell, touch, hearing, sight - ANS ✔✔Sense of taste- being able to determine sweet from
sour; smell- able to determine the difference between normal food and burnt food; hearing- ability to
determine a male voice from a female voice; sight- seeing something
subliminal stimulation - ANS ✔✔receiving messages below one's absolute threshold for conscious
awareness
cataract - ANS ✔✔clouding of the lens of the eye
Operant Conditioning (Skinner) - ANS ✔✔- a method of learning that occurs through rewards and
punishments for behavior
- based on consequences of actions
types of reinforcement - ANS ✔✔**Positive --> attractive consequences
**Avoidance --> aka negative; employee avoid neg consequence
**Extinction--> withhold reinforcement when behavior occurs
**Punishment --> undesirable consequence
little albert experiment - ANS ✔✔1920 - Watson - classical conditioning on a 9 month old baby - white
rat was paired with a loud clanking noise resulting in crying and fear of rat
reinforcements and punishments - ANS ✔✔consequences that increase or decrease the likelihood of a
behavior
vicarious reinforcements - ANS ✔✔Learning that occurs by observing the reinforcement or punishment
of another person.
