CLC exam,,, Questions with Correct Answers (Grade A+)
Question 1: infant is receiving solely mother's milk as its food source - infants may also be receiving
oral rehydration solution, vitamins and minerals, and/or other oral medications but may not receive
any other foods or fluids -recommendation for the first 6 months; after 6 months baby should receive
family foods especially the ones high in zinc and iron
Answer: exclusive breastfeeding
Question 2: -a rare, hereditary disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that affects the body's ability to
convert galactose to glucose -may not breastfeed or receive mother's expressed milk -they must have
special formula
Answer: galactosemia
Question 3: -a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the
body -may be partially breastfed but also must receive a special formula -the amount of breastfeeding
allowed is determined by monitoring the infant's blood levels
Answer: Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Question 4: 400 international units (IUs) of vitamin D daily, starting soon after birth for all breastfed
infants
Answer: vitamin D
Question 5: -infant is receiving the mother's milk as well as water, water-based drinks, ritual foods
(such as teas), and oral rehydration solutions, vitamins, minerals, and oral medications -not receiving
any other foods or drinks, including infant formula and other animal milks
Answer: Predominant Breastfeeding
Question 6: infant is receiving human milk as well as any other foods or fluids, including infant formula
Answer: breastfeeding
Question 7: -child is between 6-23 months and is receiving both human milk and solid or semisolid food
-at 6-8 monthscomplementary foods given 2 times a day -at 9-24 months given 3x day -nutritious snacks
may be offered 1-2 times a day, as desired
Answer: complementary feeding
Question 8: rise in the use from the late 1800s onward
Answer: replacement milk
Page 1
,Question 9: - Concerns about milk quality/quantity - Feeding problems during the first week -
Problems with infant latching on or sucking - Lack of appropriate information and support
Answer: Why breastfeeding is stopped even when continuation is desirable to the following themes:
Question 10: o Signs begin in the active sleep state (identified by the presence of rapid eye movement
[REM] in the baby) o As the baby becomes hungrier and more awake, feeding cues are more obvious o
Baby begins to bring his or her fist to the mouth o Seek food with the lips, tongue, and head o Smack
the lips or extend the tongue o Crying is a very late feeding cue § By the time babies cry, they have
usually become disorganized and do not feed as well
Answer: feeding cues
Question 11: o Breastfeeding becomes more collaborative style of latching and breastfeeding after the
baby is able to locate the breast o The baby's arms should not cross over his or her body but should
embrace the breast o In the early days, the baby's hands knead the breast during suckling; hands
should not be held away or anchored away from the breast by swaddling o There should not be pain
during nursing, not for a minute, and after the feeding has ended, the nipple should not be misshapen,
abraded, fissured, bruised, or blanchedall of which signal an incorrect latch; if any pain is experienced,
the baby should be gently removed and allowed to relatch
Answer: breastfeeding
Question 12: § Healthy baby should be dried after birth and placed on the chest for prolonged
skin-to-skin holding § The two are then covered with a warmed blanket § Maternal and newborn
assessment, eye care, and other procedures are done with the baby in skin-to-skin position (research
shows babies warm better in skin-to-skin than electric "warmers")- the breasts will increase and
decrease according the baby's needs § Allow the newborn to find the breast and self-attach · This may
take more than 2 hours when labor analgesia has been used · Do not force the baby to the breast; it may
stress the baby, decrease willingness to nurse at the next feeding, and cause the abby to place his or her
tongue on the roof of the mouth
Answer: self-attached breast-feeding
Question 13: · Birth cry · Relaxation · Awakening · Activity · Rest · Crawling/sliding · Familiarization ·
Suckling
Answer: Widstroms 9 stages
Question 14: as baby seeks the breast, the parent gently assists
Answer: Collaborative Breastfeeding
Page 2
, Question 15: Critical Management Procedures
1. Comply fully with the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and relevant World Health
Assembly resolutions
a. To protect families from the influence of companies that manufacture breastmilk substitutes, bottles, and
teats (1) A. have a written infant feeding policy that is routinely communicated to staff and parents
(a) Ensure the existence of evidence-based policy that promotes breastfeeding and delineates standards of care
(2) B. establish ongoing monitoring and data-management systems
(a) To ensure that the implementation of clinical practices supporting breastfeeding and related maternity care
practices is tracked and monitored routinely
2. Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, competence, and skills to support breastfeeding
a. Ensure that all staff have received training necessary to develop effective skill in supporting breastfeeding
families, providing consistent messages, and implement facility policies Key Clinical Practices
3. Discuss the importance and management of breastfeeding with pregnant women and their families
a. Ensure the integration of messages about breastfeeding in prenatal education interchanges
4. Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact and support mothers to initiate breastfeeding as
soon as possible after birth
a. Ensure the early initiation of skin-to-skin contact for all infants whether or not there is an intention to
breastfeed and support the early initiation of breastfeeding when intended
5. Support mothers to initiate and maintain breastfeeding and manage common difficulties
a. Ensure ongoing breastfeeding support, assessment, and evaluation throughout the maternity stay. This
pertains to term, preterm, and sick newborns
6. Do not provide breastfed newborns any foods or fluids other than breastmilk, unless
Answer: The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding for Hospitals and Birth Centers
Question 16: o Include both professional and lay encouragement to consider breastfeeding o
Acknowledge the normalcy of breastfeeding o Elicit and magnify reasons why individuals are attracted
to breastfeeding o Elicit and address individual concerns about breastfeeding o Provide opportunities
for the family to observe and ask questions of other breastfeeding families o Cover the core topics for
antenatal education identified by the global standards of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: § The
importance of breastfeeding § The definition of exclusive breastfeeding and recommendations that
exclusive breastfeeding continue through the first 6 months § Risks associated with feeding formula
and other breastmilk substitutes § The role of breastfeeding beyond the first 6 months when
complementary feeding begins § The fact that breastfeeding continues to be important after 6 months
when other foods are given
Answer: Prenatal/Antenatal Interactions with Expectant Parents Should
Page 3
Question 1: infant is receiving solely mother's milk as its food source - infants may also be receiving
oral rehydration solution, vitamins and minerals, and/or other oral medications but may not receive
any other foods or fluids -recommendation for the first 6 months; after 6 months baby should receive
family foods especially the ones high in zinc and iron
Answer: exclusive breastfeeding
Question 2: -a rare, hereditary disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that affects the body's ability to
convert galactose to glucose -may not breastfeed or receive mother's expressed milk -they must have
special formula
Answer: galactosemia
Question 3: -a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the
body -may be partially breastfed but also must receive a special formula -the amount of breastfeeding
allowed is determined by monitoring the infant's blood levels
Answer: Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Question 4: 400 international units (IUs) of vitamin D daily, starting soon after birth for all breastfed
infants
Answer: vitamin D
Question 5: -infant is receiving the mother's milk as well as water, water-based drinks, ritual foods
(such as teas), and oral rehydration solutions, vitamins, minerals, and oral medications -not receiving
any other foods or drinks, including infant formula and other animal milks
Answer: Predominant Breastfeeding
Question 6: infant is receiving human milk as well as any other foods or fluids, including infant formula
Answer: breastfeeding
Question 7: -child is between 6-23 months and is receiving both human milk and solid or semisolid food
-at 6-8 monthscomplementary foods given 2 times a day -at 9-24 months given 3x day -nutritious snacks
may be offered 1-2 times a day, as desired
Answer: complementary feeding
Question 8: rise in the use from the late 1800s onward
Answer: replacement milk
Page 1
,Question 9: - Concerns about milk quality/quantity - Feeding problems during the first week -
Problems with infant latching on or sucking - Lack of appropriate information and support
Answer: Why breastfeeding is stopped even when continuation is desirable to the following themes:
Question 10: o Signs begin in the active sleep state (identified by the presence of rapid eye movement
[REM] in the baby) o As the baby becomes hungrier and more awake, feeding cues are more obvious o
Baby begins to bring his or her fist to the mouth o Seek food with the lips, tongue, and head o Smack
the lips or extend the tongue o Crying is a very late feeding cue § By the time babies cry, they have
usually become disorganized and do not feed as well
Answer: feeding cues
Question 11: o Breastfeeding becomes more collaborative style of latching and breastfeeding after the
baby is able to locate the breast o The baby's arms should not cross over his or her body but should
embrace the breast o In the early days, the baby's hands knead the breast during suckling; hands
should not be held away or anchored away from the breast by swaddling o There should not be pain
during nursing, not for a minute, and after the feeding has ended, the nipple should not be misshapen,
abraded, fissured, bruised, or blanchedall of which signal an incorrect latch; if any pain is experienced,
the baby should be gently removed and allowed to relatch
Answer: breastfeeding
Question 12: § Healthy baby should be dried after birth and placed on the chest for prolonged
skin-to-skin holding § The two are then covered with a warmed blanket § Maternal and newborn
assessment, eye care, and other procedures are done with the baby in skin-to-skin position (research
shows babies warm better in skin-to-skin than electric "warmers")- the breasts will increase and
decrease according the baby's needs § Allow the newborn to find the breast and self-attach · This may
take more than 2 hours when labor analgesia has been used · Do not force the baby to the breast; it may
stress the baby, decrease willingness to nurse at the next feeding, and cause the abby to place his or her
tongue on the roof of the mouth
Answer: self-attached breast-feeding
Question 13: · Birth cry · Relaxation · Awakening · Activity · Rest · Crawling/sliding · Familiarization ·
Suckling
Answer: Widstroms 9 stages
Question 14: as baby seeks the breast, the parent gently assists
Answer: Collaborative Breastfeeding
Page 2
, Question 15: Critical Management Procedures
1. Comply fully with the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes and relevant World Health
Assembly resolutions
a. To protect families from the influence of companies that manufacture breastmilk substitutes, bottles, and
teats (1) A. have a written infant feeding policy that is routinely communicated to staff and parents
(a) Ensure the existence of evidence-based policy that promotes breastfeeding and delineates standards of care
(2) B. establish ongoing monitoring and data-management systems
(a) To ensure that the implementation of clinical practices supporting breastfeeding and related maternity care
practices is tracked and monitored routinely
2. Ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, competence, and skills to support breastfeeding
a. Ensure that all staff have received training necessary to develop effective skill in supporting breastfeeding
families, providing consistent messages, and implement facility policies Key Clinical Practices
3. Discuss the importance and management of breastfeeding with pregnant women and their families
a. Ensure the integration of messages about breastfeeding in prenatal education interchanges
4. Facilitate immediate and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact and support mothers to initiate breastfeeding as
soon as possible after birth
a. Ensure the early initiation of skin-to-skin contact for all infants whether or not there is an intention to
breastfeed and support the early initiation of breastfeeding when intended
5. Support mothers to initiate and maintain breastfeeding and manage common difficulties
a. Ensure ongoing breastfeeding support, assessment, and evaluation throughout the maternity stay. This
pertains to term, preterm, and sick newborns
6. Do not provide breastfed newborns any foods or fluids other than breastmilk, unless
Answer: The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding for Hospitals and Birth Centers
Question 16: o Include both professional and lay encouragement to consider breastfeeding o
Acknowledge the normalcy of breastfeeding o Elicit and magnify reasons why individuals are attracted
to breastfeeding o Elicit and address individual concerns about breastfeeding o Provide opportunities
for the family to observe and ask questions of other breastfeeding families o Cover the core topics for
antenatal education identified by the global standards of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: § The
importance of breastfeeding § The definition of exclusive breastfeeding and recommendations that
exclusive breastfeeding continue through the first 6 months § Risks associated with feeding formula
and other breastmilk substitutes § The role of breastfeeding beyond the first 6 months when
complementary feeding begins § The fact that breastfeeding continues to be important after 6 months
when other foods are given
Answer: Prenatal/Antenatal Interactions with Expectant Parents Should
Page 3
