BIOL251 HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I W/LAB
2026 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS SUMMARY WITH RATIONALES
PORTAGE LEARNING LOCKDOWN BROWSER INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
Core Domains
1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology and Basic Chemistry
2. Cells, Membrane Transport, and Tissue Types
3. Integumentary System
4. Skeletal System
5. Muscular System
6. Nervous System
7. Special Senses
8. Endocrine System
Introduction
This comprehensive examination review assesses the cumulative
knowledge required for successful completion of the BIOL251 Final
Exam at Portage Learning. It evaluates understanding of anatomical
terminology, levels of organization, basic chemistry, cellular structure
and function, tissue types, and the major organ systems including
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, special senses, and
endocrine. The examination employs multiple-choice, true/false, short-
answer, matching, and fill-in-the-blank questions that mirror the actual
Portage Learning final exam format. Emphasis is placed on critical
thinking, application of structure-function relationships, and integration
of body systems. Success on this examination demonstrates readiness for
,advanced anatomy and physiology coursework and confirms mastery of
essential A&P I competencies.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. What is the study of the structure of the body?
A. Physiology
B. Anatomy
C. Histology
D. Cytology
Correct answer B. Anatomy
RATIONALE: Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body and
the relationship of its parts. Physiology is the study of how the body and
its parts function .
2. What is the study of how body parts function?
A. Anatomy
B. Histology
C. Physiology
D. Cytology
Correct answer C. Physiology
RATIONALE: Physiology is the study of the function of the human
body, while anatomy is the study of its structure. Histology is the study
of tissues, and cytology is the study of cells .
,3. What is the principle of complementarity?
A. Structure and function are unrelated
B. A structure's shape (anatomy) determines its function (physiology)
C. Function determines structure
D. All structures have the same function
Correct answer B. A structure's shape (anatomy) determines its
function (physiology)
RATIONALE: The principle of complementarity states that a
structure's shape (anatomy) determines its function (physiology). This
principle links the study of anatomy and physiology .
4. Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?
A. Body lying face down, arms at sides
B. Body standing erect, feet parallel, palms facing forward
C. Body sitting upright with legs extended
D. Body facing sideways with palms facing backward
Correct answer B. Body standing erect, feet parallel, palms facing
forward
RATIONALE: The anatomical position is a standardized reference
point where the body is erect, feet slightly apart, and palms face forward
with thumbs pointing away from the body. All directional terms are
based on this position .
5. Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
, A. Transverse plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Sagittal plane
D. Coronal plane
Correct answer C. Sagittal plane
RATIONALE: The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left
portions. The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left
halves .
6. Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior
portions?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Frontal (coronal) plane
D. Horizontal plane
Correct answer C. Frontal (coronal) plane
RATIONALE: The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into
anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions .
7. Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Coronal plane
D. Transverse (horizontal) plane
2026 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS SUMMARY WITH RATIONALES
PORTAGE LEARNING LOCKDOWN BROWSER INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
Core Domains
1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology and Basic Chemistry
2. Cells, Membrane Transport, and Tissue Types
3. Integumentary System
4. Skeletal System
5. Muscular System
6. Nervous System
7. Special Senses
8. Endocrine System
Introduction
This comprehensive examination review assesses the cumulative
knowledge required for successful completion of the BIOL251 Final
Exam at Portage Learning. It evaluates understanding of anatomical
terminology, levels of organization, basic chemistry, cellular structure
and function, tissue types, and the major organ systems including
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, special senses, and
endocrine. The examination employs multiple-choice, true/false, short-
answer, matching, and fill-in-the-blank questions that mirror the actual
Portage Learning final exam format. Emphasis is placed on critical
thinking, application of structure-function relationships, and integration
of body systems. Success on this examination demonstrates readiness for
,advanced anatomy and physiology coursework and confirms mastery of
essential A&P I competencies.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. What is the study of the structure of the body?
A. Physiology
B. Anatomy
C. Histology
D. Cytology
Correct answer B. Anatomy
RATIONALE: Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body and
the relationship of its parts. Physiology is the study of how the body and
its parts function .
2. What is the study of how body parts function?
A. Anatomy
B. Histology
C. Physiology
D. Cytology
Correct answer C. Physiology
RATIONALE: Physiology is the study of the function of the human
body, while anatomy is the study of its structure. Histology is the study
of tissues, and cytology is the study of cells .
,3. What is the principle of complementarity?
A. Structure and function are unrelated
B. A structure's shape (anatomy) determines its function (physiology)
C. Function determines structure
D. All structures have the same function
Correct answer B. A structure's shape (anatomy) determines its
function (physiology)
RATIONALE: The principle of complementarity states that a
structure's shape (anatomy) determines its function (physiology). This
principle links the study of anatomy and physiology .
4. Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?
A. Body lying face down, arms at sides
B. Body standing erect, feet parallel, palms facing forward
C. Body sitting upright with legs extended
D. Body facing sideways with palms facing backward
Correct answer B. Body standing erect, feet parallel, palms facing
forward
RATIONALE: The anatomical position is a standardized reference
point where the body is erect, feet slightly apart, and palms face forward
with thumbs pointing away from the body. All directional terms are
based on this position .
5. Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
, A. Transverse plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Sagittal plane
D. Coronal plane
Correct answer C. Sagittal plane
RATIONALE: The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left
portions. The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left
halves .
6. Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior
portions?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Frontal (coronal) plane
D. Horizontal plane
Correct answer C. Frontal (coronal) plane
RATIONALE: The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into
anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions .
7. Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Coronal plane
D. Transverse (horizontal) plane
