• Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
ATI RN Adult Medical-Surgical 2026 Proctored Exam
Most Tested Practice Questions with Answers &
Rationales Exam Format: 250 questions | Multiple
Choice, SATA, NGN Case Studies | Answers with detailed
rationales | Level 3 proficiency focus Content
Which condition is associated with an oversecretion of renin?
A) Hypertension.
B) Diabetes mellitus.
C) Diabetes insipidus.
D) Alzheimer's disease.
- Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
P 1
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
* Renin is an enzyme synthesized and secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney in response to renal
artery blood volume and pressure changes. Low renal perfusion stimulates the release of renin, which is
converted by angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which causes the secretion of aldosterone, resulting in renal
reabsorption of sodium, water, and subsequently increases blood pressure (A). (B, C, and D) are not directly
related to renin oversecretion.
The nurse is caring for a client who had an excision of a malignant pituitary tumor. Which findings should the
nurse document that indicate the client is developing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
A) Hypernatremia and periorbial edema.
B) Muscle spasticity and hypertension.
C) Weight gain with low serum sodium.
D) Increased urinary output and thirst.
- Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): C
* SIADH most frequently occurs when cancer cells manufacture and release ADH, which is manifested by water
retention causing weight gain and hyponatremia (C). Other manifestations include oliguria, weakness, not (A, B,
and D), anorexia, nausea, vomiting, personality changes, seizures, decrease in reflexes, and coma.
The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal woman who is complaining of urinary urgency and frequency and
stress incontinence. She also reports difficulty in emptying her bladder. These complaints are most likely due to
which condition?
A) Cystocele.
B) Bladder infection.
C) Pyelonephritis.
D) Irritable bladder. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
P 2
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
* This constellation of signs in a postmenopausal woman are characteristic of a cystocele (A). These symptoms
are not characteristic of (B, C, or D).
The nurse is caring for a client who returns to the unit following a colonoscopy. Which finding should the nurse
report to the healthcare provider immediately?
A) Large amounts of expelled flatus with mucus.
B) Tympanic abdomen and hyperactive bowel sounds.
C) Increased abdominal pain with rebound tenderness.
D) Complaint of feeling weak with watery diarrheal stools. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): C
* Positive rebound tenderness (C) may be an indication of peritonitis or perforation and needs follow-up
immediately. Clients typically experience a large amount of flatus (A) and may have mucus from bowel irritation
from the procedure. A tympanic abdomen on percussion and hyperactive bowel sounds are typical post
procedure findings (B). Weakness and watery stools are a result from the preparation and are common
symptoms experienced after a colonoscopy (D).
A Korean-American client, who speaks very little English, is being discharged following surgery. Which nurse
should the nurse manager assign to provide the discharge instructions for the client?
A) A graduate registered nurse (RN) with three weeks of experience.
B) The registered nurse (RN) case manager for the unit with 1 year's experience.
C) A floating registered nurse (RN) with five years of nursing experience.
D) A Korean-American practical nurse (PN) with six years of nursing experience. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): B
* The RN case manager (B) is the best qualified nurse to assess and provide discharge educational needs, obtain
resources for the client, enhance coordination of care, and prevent fragmentation of care. The RN graduate (A)
lacks the experience to provide individualized and complete discharge instructions. The float nurse (C) lacks case
P 3
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
management expertise to advocate adequately for the client, coordinate care, and provide community
resources. It is not in the scope of practice for the PN (D) to give discharge instructions.
A client's susceptibility to ulcerative colitis is most likely due to which aspect in the client's history?
A) Jewish European ancestry.
B) H. pylori bowel infection.
C) Family history of irritable bowel syndrome.
D) Age between 25 and 55 years. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
* Ulcerative colitis is 4 to 5 times more common among individuals of Jewish European or Ashkenazi ancestry
(A). H. pylori is associated with stomach inflammation and ulcer development (B). Irritable bowel syndrome (C)
does not progress to inflammatory bowel disease. UC has a peak between the ages of 15 and 25 years, then a
second peak between 55 and 65 years, not (D).
A college student who is diagnosed with a vaginal infection and vulva irritation describes the vaginal discharge as
having a cottage-cheese appearance. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?
A) Cleanse perineum with warm soapy water 3 times per day.
B) Instill the first dose of nystatin (Mycostatin) vaginally per applicator.
C) Perform glucose measurement using a capillary blood sample.
D) Obtain a blood specimen for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): B
* Candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, is characterized by a white, vaginal discharge with a cottage-
cheese appearance and vaginal nystatin (Mycostatin) should be implemented first (B) to initiate treatment to
provide relief of symptoms. (A, C, and D) may implemented after (B).
P 4
ATI RN Adult Medical-Surgical 2026 Proctored Exam
Most Tested Practice Questions with Answers &
Rationales Exam Format: 250 questions | Multiple
Choice, SATA, NGN Case Studies | Answers with detailed
rationales | Level 3 proficiency focus Content
Which condition is associated with an oversecretion of renin?
A) Hypertension.
B) Diabetes mellitus.
C) Diabetes insipidus.
D) Alzheimer's disease.
- Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
P 1
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
* Renin is an enzyme synthesized and secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney in response to renal
artery blood volume and pressure changes. Low renal perfusion stimulates the release of renin, which is
converted by angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which causes the secretion of aldosterone, resulting in renal
reabsorption of sodium, water, and subsequently increases blood pressure (A). (B, C, and D) are not directly
related to renin oversecretion.
The nurse is caring for a client who had an excision of a malignant pituitary tumor. Which findings should the
nurse document that indicate the client is developing syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?
A) Hypernatremia and periorbial edema.
B) Muscle spasticity and hypertension.
C) Weight gain with low serum sodium.
D) Increased urinary output and thirst.
- Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): C
* SIADH most frequently occurs when cancer cells manufacture and release ADH, which is manifested by water
retention causing weight gain and hyponatremia (C). Other manifestations include oliguria, weakness, not (A, B,
and D), anorexia, nausea, vomiting, personality changes, seizures, decrease in reflexes, and coma.
The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal woman who is complaining of urinary urgency and frequency and
stress incontinence. She also reports difficulty in emptying her bladder. These complaints are most likely due to
which condition?
A) Cystocele.
B) Bladder infection.
C) Pyelonephritis.
D) Irritable bladder. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
P 2
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
* This constellation of signs in a postmenopausal woman are characteristic of a cystocele (A). These symptoms
are not characteristic of (B, C, or D).
The nurse is caring for a client who returns to the unit following a colonoscopy. Which finding should the nurse
report to the healthcare provider immediately?
A) Large amounts of expelled flatus with mucus.
B) Tympanic abdomen and hyperactive bowel sounds.
C) Increased abdominal pain with rebound tenderness.
D) Complaint of feeling weak with watery diarrheal stools. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): C
* Positive rebound tenderness (C) may be an indication of peritonitis or perforation and needs follow-up
immediately. Clients typically experience a large amount of flatus (A) and may have mucus from bowel irritation
from the procedure. A tympanic abdomen on percussion and hyperactive bowel sounds are typical post
procedure findings (B). Weakness and watery stools are a result from the preparation and are common
symptoms experienced after a colonoscopy (D).
A Korean-American client, who speaks very little English, is being discharged following surgery. Which nurse
should the nurse manager assign to provide the discharge instructions for the client?
A) A graduate registered nurse (RN) with three weeks of experience.
B) The registered nurse (RN) case manager for the unit with 1 year's experience.
C) A floating registered nurse (RN) with five years of nursing experience.
D) A Korean-American practical nurse (PN) with six years of nursing experience. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): B
* The RN case manager (B) is the best qualified nurse to assess and provide discharge educational needs, obtain
resources for the client, enhance coordination of care, and prevent fragmentation of care. The RN graduate (A)
lacks the experience to provide individualized and complete discharge instructions. The float nurse (C) lacks case
P 3
, • Mental Health Care 09/15/2026
management expertise to advocate adequately for the client, coordinate care, and provide community
resources. It is not in the scope of practice for the PN (D) to give discharge instructions.
A client's susceptibility to ulcerative colitis is most likely due to which aspect in the client's history?
A) Jewish European ancestry.
B) H. pylori bowel infection.
C) Family history of irritable bowel syndrome.
D) Age between 25 and 55 years. –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): A
* Ulcerative colitis is 4 to 5 times more common among individuals of Jewish European or Ashkenazi ancestry
(A). H. pylori is associated with stomach inflammation and ulcer development (B). Irritable bowel syndrome (C)
does not progress to inflammatory bowel disease. UC has a peak between the ages of 15 and 25 years, then a
second peak between 55 and 65 years, not (D).
A college student who is diagnosed with a vaginal infection and vulva irritation describes the vaginal discharge as
having a cottage-cheese appearance. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?
A) Cleanse perineum with warm soapy water 3 times per day.
B) Instill the first dose of nystatin (Mycostatin) vaginally per applicator.
C) Perform glucose measurement using a capillary blood sample.
D) Obtain a blood specimen for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). –
Correct Answer :Correct Answer(s): B
* Candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, is characterized by a white, vaginal discharge with a cottage-
cheese appearance and vaginal nystatin (Mycostatin) should be implemented first (B) to initiate treatment to
provide relief of symptoms. (A, C, and D) may implemented after (B).
P 4
