EXAM 1 NR 325 ADULT HEALTH II
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QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
What are some subjective questions to ask a patient with
diabetes? (6) - Answer: 1. Any excess/increased thirst?
2. Any excess/increased urination?
3. Any excessive hunger?
4. Any intolerance to heat/cold?
5. Any excess sweating?
6. Any recent weight gain or loss?
What are some diagnostic values to evaluate for a diabetic
patient? - Answer: Potassium, Glucose, Sodium, hA1c, thyroid
studies, serum osmolality
What are some physical exam findings to assess in a diabetic
patient? - Answer: body temperature, height and weight,
alertness and emotional state, skin changes, hair changes, blood
pressure and heart rate, extremity edema, thyroid
,What is hypoglycemia? S/sx - Answer: A blood glucose below 70
plus the following s/sx:
"Cold and clammy? Need some candy!"
HANGRY, irritable, shaky, mental confusion, diaphoresis,
palpitations, headache, lack of coordination, blurred vision,
seizure, coma, tachycardia
What is the treatment for hypoglycemia in a conscious patient
who can swallow safely? - Answer: Give 15-20 g of readily
absorbable carbohydrate (4-6 ox of juice/drink, glucose tablet,
6-10 hard candies, 1tbsp honey).
-10g of glucose will increase blood glucose by 40mg/dL over 30
minutes
-Recheck blood glucose 15 minutes following intervention,
retreat if symptoms persist or glucose is still below 70
What is the treatment for hypoglycemia in an unconscious
patient? - Answer: -Place the patient in a lateral position to
prevent aspiration
-Administer glucagon subQ or IM or IV D50 and notify the
provider
, -Repeat in 10 minutes if they are still unconscious, continue to
treat until glucose is above 70
What is hyperglycemia? What are some of the causes? S/sx? -
Answer: Excess blood glucose, fasting glucose >110
-Stress, illness, intake, steroids, lack of antidiabetic medications
-Polyuria, polyuria, polyphagia
What is the treatment for hyperglycemia? - Answer: administer
insulin, encourage sugar free drinks to prevent dehydration,
reduce carb intake, test urine for ketones, consult provider if
manifestations persist
What is the Somogyi effect? - Answer: high dose of insulin
causes hypoglycemia during the night (around 2-4 AM), leading
to rebound glucose release (release of glucagon) and
hyperglycemia
--How to prevent: Eat a 15g carb snack before bed and/or
reduce insulin dosage
What is the Dawn phenomenon? - Answer: hyperglycemia upon
awakening due to the hormones cortisol and growth hormone
--Treatment: increase insulin dosage/adjust administration time
LATEST UPDATE VERIFIED
QUESTIONS & DETAILED
EXPLANATIONS GRADED A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
What are some subjective questions to ask a patient with
diabetes? (6) - Answer: 1. Any excess/increased thirst?
2. Any excess/increased urination?
3. Any excessive hunger?
4. Any intolerance to heat/cold?
5. Any excess sweating?
6. Any recent weight gain or loss?
What are some diagnostic values to evaluate for a diabetic
patient? - Answer: Potassium, Glucose, Sodium, hA1c, thyroid
studies, serum osmolality
What are some physical exam findings to assess in a diabetic
patient? - Answer: body temperature, height and weight,
alertness and emotional state, skin changes, hair changes, blood
pressure and heart rate, extremity edema, thyroid
,What is hypoglycemia? S/sx - Answer: A blood glucose below 70
plus the following s/sx:
"Cold and clammy? Need some candy!"
HANGRY, irritable, shaky, mental confusion, diaphoresis,
palpitations, headache, lack of coordination, blurred vision,
seizure, coma, tachycardia
What is the treatment for hypoglycemia in a conscious patient
who can swallow safely? - Answer: Give 15-20 g of readily
absorbable carbohydrate (4-6 ox of juice/drink, glucose tablet,
6-10 hard candies, 1tbsp honey).
-10g of glucose will increase blood glucose by 40mg/dL over 30
minutes
-Recheck blood glucose 15 minutes following intervention,
retreat if symptoms persist or glucose is still below 70
What is the treatment for hypoglycemia in an unconscious
patient? - Answer: -Place the patient in a lateral position to
prevent aspiration
-Administer glucagon subQ or IM or IV D50 and notify the
provider
, -Repeat in 10 minutes if they are still unconscious, continue to
treat until glucose is above 70
What is hyperglycemia? What are some of the causes? S/sx? -
Answer: Excess blood glucose, fasting glucose >110
-Stress, illness, intake, steroids, lack of antidiabetic medications
-Polyuria, polyuria, polyphagia
What is the treatment for hyperglycemia? - Answer: administer
insulin, encourage sugar free drinks to prevent dehydration,
reduce carb intake, test urine for ketones, consult provider if
manifestations persist
What is the Somogyi effect? - Answer: high dose of insulin
causes hypoglycemia during the night (around 2-4 AM), leading
to rebound glucose release (release of glucagon) and
hyperglycemia
--How to prevent: Eat a 15g carb snack before bed and/or
reduce insulin dosage
What is the Dawn phenomenon? - Answer: hyperglycemia upon
awakening due to the hormones cortisol and growth hormone
--Treatment: increase insulin dosage/adjust administration time
