BSC2011 Exam 1: Plants Study Guide
Questions with Actual Detailed Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What plants nitrogen fix? - Answer Hornworts, Cycads, legumes
Synapomorphies of streptophytes - Answer Oogamy, sub apical flagella, plasmodesmata,
parenchyma
Oogamy - Answer a form of sexual reproduction in which gametes are distinctly male or
female
Plasmodesmata - Answer Channels that adjoin the join the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. Allows
cells to communicate with each other through chemical signals but not large enough for
organelles to move through
Parenchyma - Answer the primary tissue in streptophytes
Embryophytes - Answer Land plants
Key adaptations for plants to grow on land - Answer Cuticle, stomata, multicellular
gametangia, protected and nourished embryos, uv-absorbent pigments, thick spore walls,
mutualistic association with fungi, alteration of generations
Bryophytes - Answer Liverworts, hornworts, mosses
What was most likely the first plant to come on to land? - Answer Liverworts
Epiphytes - Answer Plants growing on the surface of other plants are not parasitic though
Elater - Answer a special kind of cell that grows along the spore in the sporophyte and aids in
the dispersal of the spores. Found in liverworts!
What bryophyte doesn't have stomata? - Answer Liverworts
Gemma cups - Answer a special structure in liverworts where asexual gamma are made found
on the gametophyte
, Peristome teeth - Answer Like elaters these help in the dispersal of spores in mosses. Are
found in the sporophyte
Perigonium - Answer groups of antheridia
Perichaetium - Answer groups of archegonia
Tracheophytes - Answer vascular plants
Synapomorphies of tracheophytes - Answer internal conduction of water by xylem, internal
conduction of sucrose by phloem, a branched sporophyte independent of the gametophyte,
true plant organs (leaves, roots, stems)
Symplastic route - Answer a route through which substances flow from cell to cell through the
cytosol, which is connected by plasmodesmata
Apoplastic route - Answer a route through which substances flow from cell to cell through the
cell wall and extracellular spaces
Caspian strip - Answer a suberin-rich band that blocks the passage of water. Found in the roots
and allows them to control the flow of water
Companion cell - Answer a cell adjacent to sieve tube cells that has a nucleus and ribosomes
that serve both that cell and the sieve cell. Are characteristic of angiosperms and not found in
other plants
Translocation - Answer the transportation of sucrose from source to sink
What type of pressure does xylem rely on to move water? - Answer Negative pressure
What type of pressure does phloem rely on to move sugars? - Answer Negative pressure
What is the difference between lycophytes and bryophytes? - Answer Lycophytes have
vascular tissue
What is the key difference between lycophytes and euphyllophytes? - Answer Euphyllophytes
have true leaves (megaphylls)
Questions with Actual Detailed Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
What plants nitrogen fix? - Answer Hornworts, Cycads, legumes
Synapomorphies of streptophytes - Answer Oogamy, sub apical flagella, plasmodesmata,
parenchyma
Oogamy - Answer a form of sexual reproduction in which gametes are distinctly male or
female
Plasmodesmata - Answer Channels that adjoin the join the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. Allows
cells to communicate with each other through chemical signals but not large enough for
organelles to move through
Parenchyma - Answer the primary tissue in streptophytes
Embryophytes - Answer Land plants
Key adaptations for plants to grow on land - Answer Cuticle, stomata, multicellular
gametangia, protected and nourished embryos, uv-absorbent pigments, thick spore walls,
mutualistic association with fungi, alteration of generations
Bryophytes - Answer Liverworts, hornworts, mosses
What was most likely the first plant to come on to land? - Answer Liverworts
Epiphytes - Answer Plants growing on the surface of other plants are not parasitic though
Elater - Answer a special kind of cell that grows along the spore in the sporophyte and aids in
the dispersal of the spores. Found in liverworts!
What bryophyte doesn't have stomata? - Answer Liverworts
Gemma cups - Answer a special structure in liverworts where asexual gamma are made found
on the gametophyte
, Peristome teeth - Answer Like elaters these help in the dispersal of spores in mosses. Are
found in the sporophyte
Perigonium - Answer groups of antheridia
Perichaetium - Answer groups of archegonia
Tracheophytes - Answer vascular plants
Synapomorphies of tracheophytes - Answer internal conduction of water by xylem, internal
conduction of sucrose by phloem, a branched sporophyte independent of the gametophyte,
true plant organs (leaves, roots, stems)
Symplastic route - Answer a route through which substances flow from cell to cell through the
cytosol, which is connected by plasmodesmata
Apoplastic route - Answer a route through which substances flow from cell to cell through the
cell wall and extracellular spaces
Caspian strip - Answer a suberin-rich band that blocks the passage of water. Found in the roots
and allows them to control the flow of water
Companion cell - Answer a cell adjacent to sieve tube cells that has a nucleus and ribosomes
that serve both that cell and the sieve cell. Are characteristic of angiosperms and not found in
other plants
Translocation - Answer the transportation of sucrose from source to sink
What type of pressure does xylem rely on to move water? - Answer Negative pressure
What type of pressure does phloem rely on to move sugars? - Answer Negative pressure
What is the difference between lycophytes and bryophytes? - Answer Lycophytes have
vascular tissue
What is the key difference between lycophytes and euphyllophytes? - Answer Euphyllophytes
have true leaves (megaphylls)
